GASTEROPOD FAUNA IN THE MILLSTONE GRIT OF SCOTLAND. 333 



Pterinopecten papyraceus, Sow., sp., P. carbonarius, Hind, Posidonomya Becheri, 

 Bronn, P. membranacea, M'Coy, Posidoniella Iwvis, Brown, sp., Leiopteria longirostris, 

 Hind ; and the black shales which intervened between the different grits of the Mill- 

 stone Grit series yield Pterinopecten papyraceus, Sow., sp., Posidoniella Isevis, Brown, 

 sp., P. minor, Brown, sp., Sedgwickia attenuata, M'Coy, Sanguinolites ovalis, Hind, 

 Mycdina verneuillii, M'Coy, Myalina Flemingi, M'Coy, Schizodus antiquus, Hind, 

 Nucula sequalis, Sow., Nuculana stilla, M'Coy, Ctenodonta Isevirostris, Portlock, sp., 

 the majority of which have not yet been found in Scotland. On the other hand, I have 

 seen goniatites typical of the Upper Carboniferous beds of the Midlands, in the collec- 

 tion of Mr Neilson ; Dimorplioceras Looneyi, Phill., sp., D. Gilbertsoni, Phill., sp., 

 from shale over the Hosie Limestone ; Glyphioceras reticulatum, Phill., sp., from Gair ; 

 G. Phillipsii, Foord and Crick, from Thornliebank ; and from East Kilbride, G. vesica, 

 Phill., sp., and Pterinopecten papyraceus, Sow., sp. These species never are found in 

 England until the close of the Carboniferous Limestone period, and always occur in beds 

 which succeed rocks which have the coral fauna of the Lower Limestone series. I 

 mention these facts that the importance of the whole question may be recognised, and 

 with the idea that they may possibly lead to a solution of the long open question of the 

 difference of the Carboniferous sequence in Scotland and England. 



The brachiopod fauna is not rich in species, but indicates a late period of Carbon- 

 iferous time. The special forms of the various species are identical either with those 

 that occur in the very fossiliferous quarry 300 feet below the Millstone Grit at 

 Congleton Edge, Cheshire, in connection with the Glyphioceras spirale, Phill., sp., beds, 

 or in black shales which lie on the upper beds of Carboniferous Limestone in the Upper 

 Nidd valley. The most interesting specimens in this connection are the numerous speci- 

 mens of Schizophoria resupinata, Mart., sp., where some of the fine radiating lines 

 which form the ornament of the shell terminate in small raised points as if there was an 

 attempt to form a spine. This character is well marked in the Scotch and Congleton 

 Edge shells. There is a species of Lingula which I suspect to be new to science. 



The Cephalopoda are represented by a single species, which I doubtfully refer 

 to Glyphioceras Phillipsii, Foord and Crick. The specimen is fragmentary, and is 

 a cast of the outer surface of the shell, and does not show any sutures. The 

 absence of Cephalopoda at this horizon is very marked compared with their abundance 

 throughout the Pendleside series and the shales of the Millstone Grits of England 

 and Ireland. 



The Gasteropoda show a strong relation to the North American fauna. Several 

 species I regard as identical with those figured and described from the Coal Measures 

 of Nebraska. 



Mr Tait writes me that he " obtained no plants in the marine beds in the Greenfoot 

 Quarry, in the Avon section, nor in Torwood Glen, but in Garngad Eoad, Glasgow, 

 plants belonging to the Lower Flora occur in beds 50 to 100 feet above the Castlecary 

 Limestone." " From the upper part of the Millstone Grit at Castlecary, plants belong- 



