372 PRINCIPAL SIR W. TURNER ON 



molars were preserved in each of seven skulls. In one the crown of the 1st molar was 

 12 mm. in antero-posterior and 12 mm. in lateral diameter, and the tooth may be re- 

 garded as mcgadont ; in two others 10 by 11 mm. The crown of the 2nd molar was in 

 one skull 10 by 12 mm., in another 10 by 11 mm. The wisdoms were usually lost, 

 but the crown of one was 10 by 12 mm. in diameter. The crowns of the 1st and 2nd 

 premolars in one skull were 6 by 9 mm. The teeth had been regularly arranged in their 

 respective arcades, and the empty sockets were commodious. 



The cranial sutures were usually simple, and the sagittal was the most strongly den- 

 ticulated. In Nos. I, 3 and 4, they were in course of senile obliteration ; no skull was 

 metopic* No. 5 had a large epipteric bone on each side, and No. 2 had a small one in 

 the right pterion. The Jameson skull had no sutural bones, but a strong process passed 

 from the left squamous to the frontal and intervened between the parietal and alisphenoid. 

 Five skulls had small Wormians in the lambdoid, and No. 1 had minute sutural bones 

 in the left coronal. 



The mastoids and inion were not massive, but the superior curved occipital line was 

 sometimes strong and divided into an upper and a lower part separated by an intermediate 

 area ; No. 7 had two pea-like exostoses on the left parietal. No skull had a third 

 condyl. In No. 1 the right external pterygoid was fused with the spine of the 

 sphenoid and was pierced by two pterygo-spinous foramina ; on the left side one foramen 

 had its boundary incomplete. In No. 2 a similar fusion was present on the left side, 

 pierced by two foramina. In some skulls the jugal processes were tuberculated. 



The crania ranged, in maximum length, from 175 to 191 mm., and the mean length 

 of nine was 182*8 mm. The parieto-squamous breadth ranged from 127 to 141 mm., 

 and the mean was 138 mm. ; the cephalic index ranged from 69*1 to 747, and the mean 

 was 727 ; all the skulls were dolichocephalic. The basi-bregmatic height ranged from 

 125 to 135 mm., and the mean of eight skulls was 131*1 ; the vertical index ranged from 

 69'4 to 74, and the mean was 72*1, metriocephalic. In three skulls the height somewhat 

 exceeded the breadth, but in five the breadth was greater than the height ; the mean 

 of the group was 138 mm. in breadth to 131 mm. in height. The cranio-facial index t 

 was computed in six skulls, and ranged from 68'5 to 75*6 ; the mean of the series was 

 72*1, which differed only fractionally from the mean of the dolichocephalic index. 



The cubic capacity was determined in eight skulls by the use of shot, in accordance 

 with the method J which I have employed for about twenty-five years in the study of 

 the capacity of about six hundred crania of various races. The female skull measured 

 1260 c.c. ; the seven males ranged from 1100 to 1430 c.c, and the mean capacity in this 

 sex was 1235 c.c. The Jameson skull, which had the least internal capacity (1100 c.c), 



* Flower has shown that the skull of an old Tasmanian woman in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons 

 is metopic, also the male skull in the Natural History Museum, South Kensington. 



t The cranio-facial index is computed by the formula mterzygomatic breadth xJ(M the } - h = 1Q0 g eemy 



maximum length 

 Memoir on the natives of Borneo, etc., Trans. Roy. Foe. Edin., part iii., p. 800, vol. xlv., 1907. 

 \ Described in " Challenger" Reports, "Zoology," part xxix., 1884. 



