292 



PROFESSOR C. R. MARSHALL ON 



converted into a lethal one by turning the animal on its back a few times, thereby 

 inducing convulsions. 



The minimal dose causing convulsions in rabbits is about O'OOl grm. per kg. body- 

 weight. Larger doses may be given with impunity if the animal remains quiet, and 



Experiment I.— 0002 grm. Tutin per kg. Rabbit. Weight, 585 grm. 



Time. 



12.19 

 12.29 

 12.38 



12.44 



12.49 

 12.59 



1.4 



1.27 



1.33 



1.39 



1.46 

 1.57 



2.1 



2.8 



2.14£ 



2.25J 



2.55 



3.0 

 3.2 

 3.10 

 3.30 

 4.0 

 Next 

 morning. 



Observations. 



- 58 c.c 1 in 500 tutin solution injected under skin of back. 



Lay down and stretched hind limbs out. Respiration very rapid. 



Moved backwards somewhat spasmodically ; on resting, fore limbs commenced to slide for- 

 wards. Respiration rapid. 



Occasional slight noddings of head. 



Head-nodding more marked. Tremors affecting whole foredialf of body. 



Convulsion, affecting almost solely right side of face and head — retraction of head with 

 rotation to right, closure of right eye. Quickly recovered. 



Mild tremors over whole body. Moved about very carefully for a short time, and after- 

 wards assumed a crouching attitude as if about to spring. A few spasmodic movements 

 forwards were made later, but the same crouching position was maintained for fifteen 

 minutes. Occasionally tremors over the whole body occurred. Pupils dilated. 



Clonic convulsion, mainly left-sided, and limited to fore part of body — the animal stood up 

 on its fore limbs, the left ear was drawn back, the right remaining erect ; both sides of 

 head, except the eyes, were next affected with coarse clonic movements. Convulsion 

 lasted one and a half minutes. Slight salivation present. 



Another mild clonic convulsion ; limited at first to the mouth, then affecting the whole head 

 (30" after commencement), and finally involving the hind feet (90" after commencement), 

 which, however, only moved slightly. Rotation of head to left occurred (120" after 

 commencement). Respiration, which had been markedly quickened, became slower. 



Laid on venter ; fore feet pushed out in front ; ears retracted. Almost constant tremor. 



A third severer convulsion lasting 135". At one time slightly right-sided. Salivation 

 continues. 



An attempt to lick a part on the right side produced clonic movements which ended in a 

 convulsion. Marked winking occurred in this. 



Clonic convulsion. In this convulsion the animal fell over on its side, and then showed very 

 marked clonic movements — the legs moving very rapidly, as in running. 



Similar clonic convulsion. 



Convulsion affecting mainly the fore part of the body, especially the mouth and head. The 

 animal repeatedly fell over on its side, but recovered its position each time. The con- 

 vulsion lasted three minutes. 



Convulsion similar to last. 



Quiet since last note. Suddetdy made several high springs, and entered into a tonic convul- 

 sion (slight opisthotonos) : a transient rest was followed by clonic movements (running, 

 biting, etc., movements). Head retracted in the main. Salivation. 



Clonic movements of whole body have continued without cessation since last note. There 

 has been an occasional spasmodic cry. 



Very transient tonic contractions. 



Tonic contractions of longer duration ; several cries. 



More powerful clonic movements; more frequent cries, with rapid respirations. 



Improving ; sitting up better. 



Convulsion ; fell on side, and exhibited running movements. Afterwards gradually improved. 



Practically well. 



probably smaller doses will induce convulsions if the animal is repeatedly stimulated,* 

 but below this point the medullary effect of tutin is generally alone apparent. 



* It is well known in New Zealand that tooted sheep may not show any abnormal symptoms if left alone, but if 

 driven they become excited and enter into convulsions. 



