668 PROFESSOR A. C. SEWARD ON 



the very long tapering pinnae, the broad pinnules with a strongly curved lower margin, 

 and the broad rachis. Unfortunately none of the segments in the Sutherland specimens 

 show any certain indications of sporangia, but in spite of this I have no hesitation in 

 adopting the generic title Todites. Portions of smaller pinnae of this type bear a close 

 resemblance to the Wealden species Cladophlebis longipennis Sew.,* but the slightly 

 contracted base of the pinnules in that species is a distinguishing feature. It is at 

 first sight not always easy to distinguish between the smaller Todites pinnae and those 

 of Sphenopteris onychiopsoides t such as that shown in fig. 24, PI. IT., but closer 

 inspection reveals a deeper sinus between the narrow segments of the latter type. 

 The specimens referred to Todites Williamsoni have rather smaller pinnules than 

 those borne on some of the larger specimens from the Yorkshire beds, but in some 

 cases the agreement seems to be absolute : compare especially photo. 15, PL VII., with 

 figs. 1 and 2, pi. xv., of my Jurassic Flora of Yorkshire (vol. i., 1900). 



The specimens figured by YokoyamaJ from China as Todites Williamsoni are 

 undoubtedly portions of Cladophlebis fronds, in habit like C. denticulata, but in 

 venation agreeing with C. Raciborski Zeill.§ The Keuper species described by 

 Leuthardt from Basel as Pecopteris Rutimeyeri,\\ though not specifically identical 

 with the Culgower plant, is almost certainly a species of Todites. Raciborski's species 

 from the Lower Jurassic of Poland, Cladophlebis solida,^ is very close to the Scotch 

 specimens in habit and in the form of the pinnules. 



Osmundaceae (?). 



Cladophlebis, Brongniart. 



The employment of this name is professedly a confession of ignorance as regards 

 the family position of the species so named ; but in regard to Cladophlebis denticulata 

 Brongn., or at least some of the examples of this type, it is probable that we should 

 be correct in assigning the species to the Osmundaceae.** 



Cladophlebis denticulata (Brongniart). (PL II. figs. 31-36, 38 ; PL VI. 



photos. 8, 9 ; PL VIIL, photo. 29.) 



1828. Pecopteris denticulata, Brongniart, Prodrome, p. 57. 



The limits of this species are very difficult, or indeed impossible, to determine with 

 precision. It is clear that the fronds reached a considerable size, and there must have 

 been a considerable range in the form and size of the pinnules. Professor Zeiller, in the 

 Monograph of the Tonkin Flora, discusses with his customary clearness the distinguish- 

 ing features of certain types of Cladophlebis. He speaks of C. denticulata tt as usually 



* Seward (94), pi. ix. fig. 1. t See postea, p. 672. J Yokoyama (06), pis. v.-viii. 



§ Zeiller (03), p. 49. || Leuthardt (04), pi. xv. IT Raciborski (94), pi. xxiv. figs. 10-13. 



** Seward (10), p. 340. tt Zeiller (03), p. 47. 



