THE JURASSIC FLORA OF SUTHERLAND. 689 



indistinct transverse wrinklings. In describing leaves of this form Nathorst has made 

 use of the generic designation Pityophyllum, but he uses also the genus Taxites for 

 leaves which do not appear to differ from those assigned to Pityophyllum in any features 

 worthy of generic recognition. Though I have previously adopted the name Pityo- 

 phyllum, I think it is preferable to use the name Taxites, employing it in a wide sense 

 as embracing coniferous leaves of the form met with in Taxus, Cephalotaxus, Torreya, 

 etc. ; the long and narrow form of leaves referred to Pityophyllum does not suggest 

 affinity to recent species of Pinus or to the Abietinese generally. The Culgower 

 specimens agree very closely with Pityophyllum Staratschini (Heer) # figured by 

 Nathorst from Spitzbergen, and with Nathorst's species Pityophyllum longifolia.f 

 The leaves described by Nathorst from Upper Jurassic beds of Franz Josef Land as 

 " cf. Taxites gramineus (Heer)"} appear to be indistinguishable from the Culgower 



A. 



Text-Fig. 12. 



A. Taxites sp. (nat. size). (Gunn collection.) 



B. Williamsonia sp., terminating a branched axis (nat. size.) (Gunn collection.) 



fragments, though one might make use of such names as Taxites longifolius or Pityo- 

 phyllum Staratschini with equal justification. The somewhat smaller and narrower 

 leaves from the Wealden of Germany which Roemer § first described as Abies Linkii, 

 and Dunker || and Schenk IF subsequently described under Roemer's specific name, are 

 very similar to the leaves which I refer to Taxites gramineus. 



Sphenolepidium, Heer. 



Sphenolepidium sp. cf. Sphenolepidium Kurrianum (Dunk.). 



1857. Miller, Testimony of the Rocks, p. 472, fig. 130, A ("Conifer"). 



The piece of twig figured by Miller in his fig. 130, A, was at first taken for a pinna 



of Sphenopteris onychiopsis, but an examination of the actual specimen showed that 



the leaves are thick, more constricted basally than in the fern, and the lamina of the 



leaves is not continuous. This fragment, which I believe to be a Conifer, bears a very 



close resemblance to some of the specimens figured by Schenk as Sphenolepis Kurriana, 



especially to his fig. 2, pi. xxxviii., ## which I have elsewhere ft spoken of as Onychiopsis 



Mantelli. Though too imperfect to determine with certainty, the fossil figured by 



Miller may be referred to Dunker's species. 



* Nathorst (97), pi. vi. t Moller (03), pi. vi. \ Nathorst (99), pi. ii. 



§ Roemer (39), pi. xvii. fig. 2. || Dunker (46), p. 18. IT Schenk (71), p. 241. 



** Schenk (71). ft Seward (95), p. 42. 



