LII. J. HAYDON CARDEW. 



there are sidings and flats at convenient places for taking up skips 

 from other parts of the workings. The engine plane is lighted 

 with electricity by incandescent lamps, the dynamo and engine 

 being in the engine room on the surface. 



As may be readily understood the conveyance of the produce of 

 the seam to the shaft constitutes a very important question for 

 the Engineer in order that he may achieve that part of the ultimate- 

 object of coal mining, "the obtaining of the largest amount of 

 coal in the best condition, and also at the least possible cost." 

 He has to consider the best and most economical system of haulage 

 for the particular seam he is dealing with : the class of road he 

 should adopt, and when laid, its maintenance in a state of efficiency, 

 the inclination, the curves, the size and form of the skip, the 

 dimensions of the wheels and axles, and whether the skips shall be 

 of iron or wood, and so on: all these things have a very important 

 bearing on the working of a colliery successfully; but the various 

 systems of underground traction would require a separate paper 

 and I fear I have already trespassed too long on your patience. 

 I have only touched lightly upon some of the aspects of coal-mining 

 in this district, because it would be manifestly impossible within 

 the limits of a paper to deal exhaustively with such a large suVtject 

 as the underground workings of a colliery. 



