LANGUAGES OF SOUTHERN INDO-CUINA. 13 



Cham, Achinese and Malay respectively, *tkun, tehim, tahun, 

 "year"; * dhan, dehen, dahan, "bough"; ngan, ngon, dengan, 

 "with;" do{; duk, dudoh, "remain, dwell, sit"; and mcetai, 

 mate, mati, " dead." Selling has matai, which form also occurs 

 in Bornean dialects as matei. 



It is probably owing to the same tendency to weaken the 

 first syllable, that Cham has hajan for hnjan, " rain," akan for 

 i.kan, " fish," adung for hidung, " nose," balau for bulu, " hair," 

 and the like : and here it goes further in this direction than 

 Achinese or any other Malayan language that I am aware of, 

 although this vowel change appears also (but more rarely iu 

 some Bornean dialects, e.g. Tidung adung, " nose," Biadju 

 Dayak balau, Lawangan balu, Siang ivarlo f [sic], "hair." 



It will of course be understood that the words here given 

 have been expressly chosen with a view to exhibiting the 

 Malayan element in these dialects, and that alien, especially 

 Mon-Annam forms have been deliberately avoided. The 

 Malayan element is strongest in the substantives, but is also 

 represented in some of the verbs and adjectives, e.g. 



Cham. Cancho. Rode. Chreai. 

 Buy : blei. bloi. b/oi. blot. 



Malay beli, Achinese, bloi. 

 Sell : pablei (in Cham : the rest are different) : Achinese publoi. 

 Give : brei. brey. broi. proi. 



Malay beri, Achinese bri. 

 Descend : trim. trunk. trim. \_tumau.~] 



Malay turun, Achinese trim. 

 White : patih (Cham) ; potayak, putuik (Selung) : Malay puteh. 

 Drunk : m<vbuk (Cham) : Malay mabok. 

 Xew : baruv (Cham) : Malay baharu. 

 Unripe : mcetah (Cham) : Malay mentah.\ 



* This is a different tit- from the other : this th- and dh- are true 

 aspirates. 



t I take these examples from C. den Hamer's Proeve van eener 

 Verglikende Woordenlijst van zes in de Z. O. Afd. v. Borneo voorko- 

 mende Taaltakken. 



% For the present purpose it is not necessary to pursue this com- 

 parison further. Suffice it to say that the Malayan element can be 

 traced (at least in Cham and to some extent in Selung, there being no 

 R. A. Soc, No. 38. 1902. 



