THE ETTINS OF BORO BUDUR IN JAVA, 213 



from Sir S. Raffles' " History or Java," that the five lower 

 terraces or galleries of the edifice have an inner wall towards the 

 hill, and an outer wall towards the plain ; and that the surfaces 

 of these walls are throughout sculptured in bas-relief. Each 

 wall has two series of these sculptures — an upper and a lower. 

 All that remain sufficiently well-preserved have been copied, and 

 they are the subjects of 376 out of the 393 plates of the whole col- 

 lection. They are all described, in less or greater detail, according 

 ~fco their importance, by Dr. Leemaxs, or rather by M. Wilsex 

 edited by Dr. Leeauans. I propose to draw attention now to one 

 series ouly, and indeed to a very small selection from the subjects 

 in that series. It is the upper line of sculptures on the inner wall 

 of the second gallery. In this set of sculptures, M. Wilsex has 

 found, or believes himself to have found, a pictorial representation 

 •of the life and deeds, partly historical and partly legendary, of 

 Sakya-Mottni, the Buddha. 



In order to do justice to M. yVilsen's discovery, or supposed 

 discovery, it .will be necessary, in the briefest possible manner, to 

 recall to your recollection the main facts in the history of 

 Saeta-Mouni as they have come down to us. The plates to which 

 I shall make reference now have to do with his early years only, 

 before the great renunciation, and a very few words will suffice to 

 recall to mind those facts or legends which seem to be illustrated 

 by the sculpture. I shall be guided partly by Dr. Leemans, who 

 follows M. Barthelemy St. Hilaiee, and partly by Mr. Rhys 

 Davids, formerly of the Ceylon Civil Service, who has published 

 a very useful little book upon the subject, called " Buddhism, 

 being a sketch of the life and teachings of Gautama the Buddha." 

 It contains the substance — is in some respects indeed an expan- 

 sion of his article on the same subject in the new edition of the 

 Encyclopaedia Britannica. 



The founder of Buddhism was born in the beginning of the 

 5th century before Christ. His father, Sttddhodana, was Raja of 

 the tribe of Sakyas, living at his capital Kapila-vastu, ou the banks 

 of the Eohini, about 100 miles JS". E. of Benares. Suodhodana 

 was childless and seemed likely to continue so, when, to his great 

 joy, his favourite wife Maya gave him hopes of having a child to 

 ■succeed him. 



