PIPER NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES O* FESTUCA. 



awned; palea aboul as long aa the lemma, notched at apex, the nerves hispidulons, 

 the inflexed Bides one-third as broad as the internerve. Plate X 



This species ranges from middle California northward into Oregon, but onh went 

 of the Sierras and < lascades. 



Explanation of I'iai i:. -Draw n from Howell's no. 26 from Oregon and Bolandci 

 specimens. Plant natural size; spikelel magnified five times 



21a. Festuca aristulata parishi Bubsp. nov. 



sheaths and the lower part of the stem covered with Bhort retrorse pubescence; 

 leaf blades short, 10 to 25 cm. long. 



Mill Creek Falls, San Bernardino Mountains, California, collected 1>\ S. B. Parish 

 no. 5036, type), June 20, 1901, and no. 2490, .Inly 4. 1892 



l'l'. Festuca thurberi Vasey. 



Festuca thurberi Vasey in Rothrock, Prel. Rep. Botany Cent. Colo. 56. 1874. Type 

 in the National Herbarium, collected by John Wolf (no. 1154 in South Park, 

 Colorado. 



Poa feslucoides M. E. Jones, Proc. Cal. Acad. II. 5: 724. 1895. Type from Mount 

 Ellen, Henry Mountains, I'tah. A duplicate in the National Herbariun . 



Poa kaibensis M. E. Jones, Erythea 4: 36. 1896. Proposes a new name for the 

 above on account of the older Poa festucoides Lain. 



DESCRIPTION. 



Densely tufted with numerous narrow basal leaves; culms erect, hard, scabrous or 

 smooth, 60 to 90 cm. high,3-jointed; sheaths striate, usually scabrous, shorter than the 

 internodes; ligules -carious, often lacerate, 2 to 4 mm. long, decurrent ; blades closely 

 involute, narrowly lim-ar. 6 to 20 cm. long, acute at apex, usually harshly Bcabrous; 

 panicle 10 to 15 cm. long, loose, slightly drooping; rays solitary, occasionally in twos 

 or three-, scabrous on the angles, spreading or ascending, commonly pulvilla 

 base, the longest half to t wo-thirds as long as the panicle, spikelet-bearing only above 

 the middle; spikelets lanceolate, acute. 3 to 6-flowered, 8 to 12 nun. long; joints of 

 the rachilla cylindric, 1 to 1.5 mm. long, scabr us or nearly smooth; glumes mem- 

 branaceous, smooth or scabrous on the keel.-, subequal, the lower l-nerved, 2 mm. 

 long, acute, the upper 3-nerved, 2.5 mm. long, obtusish; lemma elliptic-lanceolate, 

 faintly 5-nerved, convex, rather firm in texture, finely scabrous near the margins or 

 glabrous, cuspidate-acuminate; palea nearly equaling the lemma, oblong, obtuse, 

 the nerves scabrous, the inflexed sides halt as broad a- the internerve. I Pi. \ n: XI.' 



( Jolorado, Wyoming, and I'tah. 



Explanation of Plate.— Drawn from specimens collected by Pammel above Beaver' Camp, Col- 

 orado, .Inly -a. 1896. Plant one-half natural ^i/x-: detail- enlarged five times. 



23. Festuca elatior I. 



Festuca elatior L. Sp. PI. 1: 75. 1753. "Habitat in Europae pratis fertillissimis." 

 Festuca pratensis Hudson, Fl. Angl. 37. 1762. Type locality, England. 

 Festuca poaeoides Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: »>7. 1803. "Hab. ad ripas maritimas 

 fluminis S. Laurentii." A fragment of the type is in the Torrey Herbarium. 

 Festuca poaeoides americana Pers. Syn. 1: 94. 1805. Based on the preceding. 

 Festuca americana F. G. Dietr. Vollst. Lex. Gaertn. 3: 332. Rased on the preceding. 



i»r-( RIPTION. 



Loosely tufted, often with short creeping rootstocks; culm- smooth. 50 to 120 cm. 

 high, smooth and glabrous, •"> or 4-jointed, erect or geniculate only at the verj 

 sheaths shorter than the internodes; ligule nearly obsolete; blades l<» to 60 cm. long. 



