being linear and very obtuse. The width of the segments is commonly 
about a quarter of an inch, but some varieties are nearly an inch broad. 
The narrower ones are always the longest. From the primary leaf spring 
numerous other leaves, of similar form, all of them minutely stipitate and 
furnished with a more or less obvious mid-rib in their lower part. Tudercles 
densely scattered over the surface of the fronds, or forming lines within the 
margin, spherical, fixed by a narrow base, everywhere covered with sinuous 
plates or folds, which give them a very wrinkled aspect ; containing, under 
a thick pericarp composed of vertical filaments, a spherical deep-red mass, 
consisting of innumerable minute spores, collected in small parcels, several 
of which make up the aggregate mass. Nemathecia concealed under leafy 
obovate processes, which are “thickly dispersed over the surfaces of distinct 
plants, formed altogether of moniliform filaments, which I have not observed 
to be converted into spores. Yetraspores unknown. Colour a fine, full deep- 
red, becoming darker in drying. Sudstance rigid, tough, and not adhering to 
paper in drying. The plant may be kept in fresh water a considerable 
time without injury. 
FARRAR AAA?» 
A common species on all the rocky shores of Northern Europe, 
growing at the extremity of low-water mark under the ledges of 
shelving rocks, in places where it is seldom exposed either to the 
sun or air. When free from parasites, which is rarely the case, 
its clear red colour, and glossy surface render it a very orna- 
mental plant. More usually it is disfigured by Welobesie and 
Flustre, so as to destroy much of its, beauty. It is very closely 
allied to the P. zervosa of the south of Europe, which chiefly 
differs in having a more strongly marked mid-rib, and a more 
undulating margin, characters which vary considerably in diffe- 
rent specimens. Some specimens of P. zervosa, such as those 
represented in Turner’s figure, do indeed look very different from 
our plant, but others in my possession exhibit scarcely a more 
definite nerve than is found in many British specimens of P. 
rubens. 
Fig. 1. PHyLLopHora RUBENS :—of the natural size. 2. Tubercles, attached 
to the frond. 3. Section of a tubercle. 4. Spores. 5. Leafy processes, 
with nemathecia at their base. 6. Filaments from one of the nemathecia. 
7. Section of the frond, showing the cells of which it is composed :—all 
more or less magnified. 
