a . 
Ser. RHoDOSPERME. Fam. Ceramiee. 
Piate CXLI. 
CERAMIUM ECHIONOTUM, J «4. 
Gen. Cuan. Frond filiform, one-tubed, articulated ; the dissepiments coated 
with a stratum of coloured cellules, which sometimes extend over the 
surface of the articulation. ructification of two kinds, on distinct 
individuals ; 1, ¢e¢raspores, either immersed in the ramuli, or more or 
less external; 2, sessile, roundish receptacles ( favelle), having a 
pellucid limbus, containing minute, angular spores, and subtended by 
one or more short, involucral ramuli. Crramium (foth.)—from 
xepapos, a pitcher, but the fruit is not pitcher-shaped. 
_ Crramtum echionotum; frond slender, of nearly equal diameter throughout, 
rigid, repeatedly dichotomous, frequently with lateral forked branchlets, 
fastigiate, the apices more or less volute; articulations pellucid, those 
of the middle of the stem three or four times longer than broad, the 
upper gradually shorter, the uppermost extremely short ; dissepiments 
coloured, armed with numerous, slender, irregularly inserted, subulate, 
colourless, one-jomted prickles; tetraspores mostly solitary im each 
joint,-erumpent, along the outer margin of the filament; favellee mostly 
bilobed, lateral, subtended by numerous, strongly incurved ramuli. 
CERAMIUM echionotum. J. 4g. Advers. p. 27. 
Haz. On rocks and stones, between tide marks; and in tidal pools 
parasitic on various Alge. Annual. Summer and autumn. Common 
in several places. Torbay Mrs. Griffiths. Plymouth, Messrs. Hore and 
Rohloff. Youghal, Miss Ball. North of Ireland, Mr. W. Thompson. 
West of Ireland, W.H.H. 
Geocr. Distr. Coasts of Europe, both Atlantic and Mediterranean. 
Descr. Fronds capillary, densely tufted, three to six inches long, harsh and 
rigid to the touch, of nearly equal diameter throughout or slightly attenuated 
upwards, many times dichotomous, frequently furnished with lateral, re- 
peatedly forked, short branchlets, fastigiate. Avils patent in all parts of 
the frond. pices more or less strongly hooked inwards. 4rticulations at 
first filled with a pale pink fluid, at length colourless, cylindrical, those of the 
lower part of the frond several times longer than broad, the upper gradually 
shorter. Dissepiments coated with a broad, clearly defined band of minute 
coloured cellules, armed with more or less numerous, irregularly inserted, 
slender, brittle, acicular, colourless, one-jointed prickles. Tetraspores con- 
fined to the outer edge of the filament, one, or rarely two, in each dissepi- 
ment, prominent, with wide pericarps. . Fuvelle generally near the apices of 
the frond, or of the lateral ramuli, often placed in the fork, and subtended 
by an involucre formed of several, involute ramuli. Colour of the tufts, a 
more or less deep purplish-red. Substance rigid, imperfectly adhering to 
paper. 
PLP PPP APP 
