36 CIRCULAR 16 8, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



In case of a serious attack developing during the early part of the 

 season, spraying with kerosene emulsion and pyrethrum powder is 

 recommended, this being repeated three or four times where 

 necessary. 



The grape phylloxera. Phylloxera vastatrix (77), is recorded from 

 Japan, but no information is available as to the extent of its distribu- 

 tion or the amount of injury inflicted. Nine broods are produced 

 each year at Yamanashi, and the winter is passed in the nymphal 

 stage. 



Lepidosaphes tubulorum is at times found fairly abundant upon 

 grape, but only where the vines are grown in infested pear orchards. 



A species of white fly, Aleurolobus taonabae, at times causes dam- 

 age to grape in Japan proper and is apparently restricted in dis- 

 tribution to the main island of that country. An account of its 

 life history and habits is given by Matsumoto and Watanabe (91), 

 who list as its host plants cultivated grape and Taondbe japonica. 

 There are three broods a year, the first appearing in late May and 

 early June, and the last in September and early October. The 

 winter is passed in the larval stage upon the foliage of Taonabe, 

 and upon their emergence in the spring the adults immediately 

 migrate to the grape, and the eggs are laid upon the upper sur- 

 face of the leaves. On the varieties of grape with hairless leaves 

 they may be placed on the lower surface. In a heavy infestation 

 the leaves curl and fall from the vine. The eggs of the second 

 brood of adults are also placed upon grape foliage, but those of 

 the third are placed upon Taonabe only. Very few of the first 

 and second generation larvae develop upon this latter host. The 

 greatest damage to grape is done by the second generation. Control 

 is readily effected by the removal of all T . ja-ponica plants in the 

 immediate vicinity of the vineyards when that is possible, but other- 

 wise the burning of infested foliage is recommended. 



MISCELLANEOUS DECIDUOUS-FRUIT INSECTS 



Murata and Ikeda (112) have recently recorded a dragonfly 

 (Lestes temporalis) as a pest of various deciduous-fruit trees in 

 northern Japan. The injury produced is due to the incisions made 

 in the young shoots for oviposition during late July and August. 

 The eggs laid in these twigs hatch the following spring. Only 

 such trees as are located near water are subject to attack. Accord- 

 ing to the authors cited, oviposition may be prevented by spraying 

 with lime-sulphur. 



The pentatomid Ctirysocoris grand is (189) is a particular pest 

 of Aleurites cordata in the Tsuruga section of Honshu. The adults 

 and nymphs suck the juice from the fruit, causing it to fall from 

 the tree. Two generations are produced each year, and the winter 

 is passed in the adult stage under stones, etc. This host plant is of 

 economic importance because of the oil secured from its fruit, and 

 the attacks of this bug materially reduce the yield per tree. 



CITRUS INSECTS 



The more important of the insects attacking citrus in Japan, which 

 were discussed by the writer in a previous paper (11), are here listed, 

 with such data as have since become available, these data dealing 



