CIRCULAR NO. 168 AUGUST, 1931 



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 



INSECTS INJURIOUS TO AGRICULTURE IN JAPAN 



By C. P. Clausen 

 Senior Entomologist, Division of Deciduous Fruit Insects, Bureau of Entomology ] 



CONTENTS 



Introduction 1 



Institutions in Japan doing entomological 



work 2 



Entomological publications in Japan 3 



Distribution records .- 4 



Climatic conditions 5 



Deciduous-fruit insects __ 5 



List of deciduous-fruit insects 7 



Apple and pear insects 11 



Peach, plum, and cherry insects 27 



Persimmon insects 29 



Mulberry insects.. 30 



Fig insects 33 



Grape insects 33 



Miscellaneous deciduous-fruit insects 36 



Citrus insects 36 



List of citrus insects 37 



The principal citrus insects 38 



Miscellaneous tropical and subtropical fruit 



insects 42 



Olive insects 42 



Mango insects 43 



Insects attacking coco palms 43 



Banana insects 43 



Field-crop insects 43 



List of field-crop insects 43 



Rice insects 46 



Insects attacking wheat, barley, rye, 



and oats 53 



Sugarcane insects 53 



Corn insects 55 



Millet insects 56 



Clover insects 57 



Flax insects 57 



Hemp insects 57 



Field-crop insects— Continued. Pa 2 e 



Indigo insects 58 



Rush insects 58 



Cotton and tobacco insects 58 



List of cotton and tobacco insects 59 



Cotton insects 60 



Tobacco insects 61 



Truck-crop insects 62 



List of truck-crop insects 62 



Sugar-beet insects 64 



Insects affecting legumes 67 



Insects affecting Irish potato 70 



Insects affecting sweetpotato.. 71 



Insects attacking cabbage, radish, turnip, 



and carrot 72 



Melon insects 75 



Strawberry insects 75 



Miscellaneous truck-crop insects 76 



Tea insects 76 



List of tea insects 77 



Discussion of the tea insects 78 



Forest insects 81 



List of forest insects 81 



Insects attacking pine 84 



Insects attacking oak 85 



Insects attacking chestnut 87 



Insects attacking camphor trees 87 



Insects attacking poplar and willow 88 



Insects attacking bamboo. ........ 90 



Termites in wood products 91 



Miscellaneous forest insects 91 



Stored-grain insects 92 



List of stored-grain and plant-produci 



insects 92 



Literature cited. 92 



Index to species, genera, and higher groups. . 105 



INTRODUCTION 



The purpose of this publication is to present a resume of the 

 published data available to the end of 1926 on the various insects 

 injurious to agricultural crops and their products in Japan. As the 

 trade relations between Japan and the United States are so extensive 

 it is quite essential that the species which occur there should be 

 known in order to guard against their introduction, and to have 

 some information regarding them if such introduction should occur. 



a The writer is indebted to S. Matsumura, of the Hokkaido Imperial University, I. 

 Kuwana, of the Department of Agriculture and Forestry, and S. Kuwayama, of the 

 Hokkaido Agricultural Experiment Station, for corrections in the manuscript and sugges- 

 tions as to synonymy, distribution, etc. Acknowledgment is also made of the work of 

 K. Sato and Y. Ouchi, assistants in the investigations of Popillia parasites in Japan, for 

 the preparation of abstracts of a large part of the papers referred to in this circular ; and 

 the abstracts furnished of the more important papers by the Review of Applied Entomology 

 since its inception have been of great assistance. After a study by the specialists of the 

 Bureau of Entomology of the scientific names used in this circular it was decided that it 

 would be better to leave these as they were used in the original publications, since it 

 would be in no case possible, in the absence of any specimens, to verify any changes into 

 present-day terminology. 



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