1D CIRCULAR 386, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Leave the stack for at least 12 hours before disturbing it, and air 
the supers well before storing them. 
Carbon tetrachloride is effective against wax moths, but does not 
have enough penetrating power to kill larvae in cocoons or in thickly 
webbed refuse. It is a colorless liquid with a sweetish, disagreeable 
odor. The gas formed is heavier than that of carbon disulphide, 
and it is used in the same way. ‘The gas is noninflammable and non- 
explosive, but poisonous. : 
GENERAL DIRECTIONS AND SUMMARIZED INFORMATION ON THE USE OF FUMIGANTS 
Use not more than five supers in a stack and seal the joints with 
gummed-paper tape to make the stack gas tight. With gases heavier 
than air, make sure that the base of the stack is tightly closed, since 
the gases sink to the bottom of the stack and may escape. A pad of 
newspapers placed beneath the stack will help to confine the gas. 
Fumigate out of doors, if possible, or at least in a well-ventilated 
room. Read carefully the directions for using the selected fumigant 
and have everything in readiness before fumigation is begun, espe- 
cially if cyanide is to be used. 
Caution.—Carbon disulphide gas is highly explosive, and any 
chance of ignition must be carefully guarded against. Both carbon 
disulphide and. calcium cyanide and their gases are poisonous to 
people and to animals and must be stored and handled with extreme 
care. 
When using paradichlorobenzene, put the crystals directly on the 
top bars of frames of the top super, as shown in figure 5, or on a 
paper laid on the top bars, and renew them throughout the season 
whenever the crystals have disappeared. . 
As the other fumigants mentioned are not effective against rein- 
festation from hatching eggs, examinations must be made at intervals 
to see if any eggs have hatched, especially if the storage room is 
warm. If the temperature is above 70° F., repeat the treatment after 
2 or 3 weeks. The stacks being fumigated must be kept sealed for at 
least 12 hours, and preferably for 24 hours. 
Air the combs thoroughly before placing them on the hives. 
Table 1 gives an outline for reference in fumigating against the 
wax moth. 
CONTROL MEASURES IN STORED COMB HONEY 
The control for wax moth damage to stored comb honey is the same 
as for other stored comb products. The supers should be removed 
from the colonies as soon as possible after the flow ceases and piled 
in tiers of not more than 8 to 10. All joints between supers should 
be covered with paper, and the bottom of the stack should be sealed 
to prevent leakage of gas. Paradichlorobenzene crystals should be 
sprinkled over the sections of each super as it is placed in the tier, as 
well as on the sections of the top super, since circulation of air is 
poor in such stacks. The treatment should be continued until the 
honey is graded and marketed. Carbon disulphide may be used 
according to the directions given, if desired. 
