50 CIRCULAR 4 71, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGBICULTURE 



Construction or reconstruction of 125 miles of roads, construction of 7.5 miles 

 of ditches and cleaning of 98.6 miles of old ditch, drainage of 125 acres of meadows, 

 construction of 35 miles of game fence, sowing or planting of 3,135 acres, prepara- 

 tion of 440 acres for planting, cultural work (weeding, insect control, etc.) on 7,050 

 acres of plantations, stand improvement on 560 acres, pruning on 320 acres, and 

 quarrying of 18,400 cubic yards of rock for road building. During the first 9 

 months an average of 840 workers were employed, and during the last 6 months 

 490, of whom about 50 were unemployed persons from Berlin (1, 16: 628; 17: 192). 



13. The Koslin district of Prussia, with 251,300 acres of woodland in State 

 forests, gave 1,070,000 man-days of emergency work between April 1933 and 

 September 1935, inclusive. In each of the 3 years, 1,300 to 1,500 emergency 

 workers, 750 to 960 "free" workers, and several hundred Labor Service enrollees 

 were employed, most of them for 150 to 180 days a year. Besides local unem- 

 ployed, about 100 were brought from Berlin. The total cost of the program was 

 approximately 4,500,000 marks (about $1,600,000), of which about one-third 

 came from the regular forest funds and slightly more than two-thirds from various 

 relief funds. Accomplishments included: 12,400 acres of new plantations, 8,030 

 acres of supplementary planting (to fill blanks, etc., in earlier plantings), 36,200 

 acres of cultural work in plantations, 4,600 acres pruned, 3,000 acres of land im- 



Erovement, 465 miles of roads built or improved, 278 miles of drainage ditches 

 uilt, and 45 miles of game fence constructed (1 , 1 7: 23; Deut. Forstbeamtztg. 1 : 550) . 



14. The Brunswick State forests (about 187,000 acres) normally provide about 

 319,000 man-days of work a ye&v. Since 1933 much additional work was given 

 to unemployed persons, especially during the winter. During the year ended 

 with September 1934, such extra employment amounted to 95,000 man-days, 

 most of which was on road building to increase the value of the forest. Still 

 more work was planned for 1935 (1, 17: 189, 192). 



15. The 260,000 acres of State forest in the Konigsberg-West Prussia district 

 of eastern Germany provided about 750,000 man-days of work during each of 

 the years 1933 to 1935. About half of it was emergency work, which cost alto- 

 gether more than 4,000,000 marks (about $1,400,000), nearly all from the special 

 emergency funds and the unemployment funds of the Reich. Accomplishments 

 included: 466 miles of road built or improved, 37 miles of game fence built, several 

 hundred acres pruned, 15,500 acres planted, and 47,000 acres drained (1, Deut. 

 Forstbeamtztg. 1: 4-75. 



16. The Merseburg district, embracing about 180,000 acres of Prussian State 

 forests, in 1933-34 employed about 1,000 emergency workers for 72,000 days' 

 wo^rk, largely road building and afforestation (1, 16: 804). 



17. The 34 State forests in the Allenstein district of East Prussia, with a wooded 

 area of about 485,000 acres, provided more than 800,000 man-days of emergency 

 work during the 14 months ended with May 1934. Part of the time as many as 

 5,000 workers were on the job, including both local people and many from the 

 larger cities. The local men lived at home, the others in camps. Workers were 

 paid 3.20 marks (about $0.76) for an 8-hour day. The work was financed by 

 grants from the Reich's labor department and by loans. A great variety of work 

 was done, including: Cutting timber, building roads, planting and cultural work, 

 disease and insect control, flood control works, drainage, stream and ditch clear- 

 ing, pasture improvement, fertilizing, release cutting, pruning, marking diseased 

 trees, construction of game fences, tarring buds to prevent browsing, marking 

 of boundaries, construction of fire lines and bridges. Experienced workers were 

 used as foremen, but the accomplishments as a whole were considerably below 

 what would have been done by regular forest workers (1, 16: 676). 



18. The Minden-Munster forest district, with 61,000 acres of forest, employed 

 345 emergency workers for a total of nearly 31,000 days in the fiscal year 1935. 

 Many of these were industrial laborers from the cities. The State labor office 

 contributed RM 2.50 ($1) a day for local unemployed workers, and special arrange- 

 ment was made for the city workers, all of whom were married and had to have 

 private quarters (1, 18: 210). 



19. In the State forests of Schleswig-Holstein, considerable work was done by 

 the Labor Service in 1934, in addition to the regular work carried on by "free" 

 laborers. Many unemployed persons were also allowed to supply themselves 

 with firewood, which they paid for by working in the forests. Besides these, 482 

 emergency laborers were given an aggregate of 22,150 days' employment. They 

 planted 200 acres of idle land; prepared the ground for later planting on 60 acres; 

 made a release cutting of 100 acres of suppressed spruce; cleaned and deepened 

 21 miles of drainage ditch; built 24 miles of game-proof fence around plantations; 

 and improved or constructed 9.4 miles of timber-extraction roads (1, 16: 74$). 



