FORESTS AKD EMPLOYMENT IN GERMANY 33 



forestry, methods of thinning, best methods of cutting up trees to 

 minimize cull for rot and other defects, methods of felling and skidding 

 to aYoid damage to young growth, physical training, and political 

 philosophy (1, v. 17, pp. 953-954; 3). 



Thuringia has held several similar training courses, lasting about 6 

 days, -with 20 to 30 participants in each course. Workers receive 

 wages and expenses while in attendance at these courses (1, v. 17, 

 p. 537.) 



Brunswick constructed a special training camp to accommodate 24 

 men, at which it is planned eventually to train all of the State forest 

 workers. Courses last for 8 days (1, v. 18, p. 169). 



Wurttemberg held its first training course in the fall of 1935, with 

 8 foresters and 26 wood cutters in attendance {1, Deut. Forstbeamtztg., 

 pp. 469-470,475). m 



Hesse started with a 4-day course in 1934. The number of men in 

 each course was limited to 30 (1, v. 16, p. 806). 



In Prussia, a 4 weeks' course was given in the spring of 1935 for 

 27 young men, all of whom had served a year or more in the Labor 

 Service and intended to become permanent forest workers. Most of 

 them had worked in the woods and several were sons of woodsmen. 

 They were given training in the use of tools, planting technique, forest 

 protection against fire and fungus and insect pests, hygiene, first aid, 

 and accident prevention. Lectures were also given on German history, 

 race problems, history of forest labor, forest administration, silvi- 

 culture, timber measurement, and properties and uses of wood. 

 Similar courses have since been given for older workers and also for 

 young foresters (1 , v. 17, pp. 428-429; 2). Similar training camps 

 have been held in several Prussian provinces, under the auspices 

 of the State Forest Service, the German Labor Front, and the 

 Reichsnahrstand (1, v. 18, p. 211). 



EMPLOYMENT IN SAWMILLS AND WOODWORKING INDUSTRIES 



The number of persons employed in primary and secondary wood- 

 consuming industries in Germany is very large. In 1907 more than 

 1,500,000 persons were engaged in manufacturing and distributing 

 wooden products and in wooden building construction. These were 

 classified as follows (29): 



Number of 

 persons 



Building construction (estimated; one-third all construction - ^ 278, 067 



Miscellaneous cabinet work 167, 193 



Wooden vehicles 165, 362 



Furniture 151, 787 



Carpenters (not included in building construction) 124, 917 



Paper and pulp 122, 758 



Sawmills 98, 174 



Parquetry and interior finish 66, 054 



Turned and carved goods 49, 917 



Rough woodenware 42, 439 



Baskets 41, 281 



Cooperage 37, 488 



Lumber and timber dealers 30, 947 



Brushes and brooms 26, 983 



Pianos 26, 828 



Timber preservation, etc 23, 370 



Paper and pulp 22, 591 



Furniture dealers 16, 289 



