28 



CIRCULAR 4 71, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



FOREST WORKERS" WAGES IN BRUNSWICK 



The average daily earnings in various kinds of work in the Bruns- 

 wick State forests. 1931 to 1933. are shown in table 24. 



Table 24. — Average daily earnings of male and female workers at different classes 

 of work in the State forests of Brunswick, 1931-33 l 



Class of work 



1931 



1932 



1933 



Males 



Females 



Males 



Females 



Males 



Females 





Marks 

 7.68 

 6.03 

 6.51 

 6.21 



Marks 

 3.33 

 3.20 

 3.62 

 3.22 



Marks 

 5.74 

 4.63 



4.97 

 4.72 



Marks 



Marks 

 5.03 

 4.15 

 4.53 

 4.14 



Mark? 



Planting, etc - 



2.58 

 2.67 

 2.55 



2 3S 





2 2" 



Other 



2 41 







i Based on official reports (7) . 



LABOR REGULATIONS IN BAVARIAN FORESTS « 



The labor regulations of the Bavarian State Forest Service (adopted 

 in 1921 . with amendments through 1933) provide that the employment 

 agreement covering wages, hours, and working conditions shall be 

 signed by the workers. They agree to work overtime or at other 

 jobs than usual, in case of emergency such as fire or unusual wind and 

 snow breakage. Piece work is not to be done on Sundays or legal 

 holidays or at night. Workers paid by the hour get 2 hours of rest 

 periods during the day. The member of a crew who is responsible 

 for starting the cooking or warming fire at camp is to be allowed 

 sufficient time, with pay, to cut firewood and build the fire. The crew 

 leader is responsible for paying the men, but must not do it in an 

 inn. The purpose of this provision is to keep the men from spending 

 their wages for beer. 



Insurance premiums and taxes of various kinds are withheld from 

 the wages, and one-fourth of the amount due (not to exceed 1 week's 

 pay) may be held back as security for tools furnished by the manage- 

 ment or to insure that the worker will stay until the job is done. 



Workers are required to keep the camps clean, to be careful with 

 fire, and to use only inferior wood for fuel. They may build fires of 

 waste material to warm themselves or their food (except in clanger 

 periods), provided they take precautions to prevent damage. They 

 may not carry away the ashes, however: to do so would rob the soil 

 of valuable plant foods. Smoking of cigars, cigarettes, or uncovered 

 pipes during dry weather is forbidden. Any personal property that 

 the workers may have in camp is insured against fire by the Forest 

 Service. 



All crews are to be equipped with first-aid kits, and several workers 

 in each crew are to be given first-aid instruction, preferably by a 

 physician. Intoxicated persons are not allowed- to work, and no 

 one is supposed to undertake tasks that are too heavy for him. The 

 rules contain detailed prescriptions regarding handling of tools and 

 explosives, and means of avoiding accidents. They also contain 

 detailed prescriptions regarding methods of felling and bucking trees, 

 and sorting and piling logs and bolts. Concealing defects in a log 

 is ground for dismissal. Workers agree not to carry away any forest 

 product without a permit. 



13 Based on official reports (6). 



