INTRODUCTION. XXXill 
latitude. ‘The summer is never very warm in the day-time ; and the 
nights are generally cool. In every month in the year, there are 
frosts. Snow generally falls about the 15th of November, and is 
all dissolved by the 15th of May. About M‘Leod’s Lake the snow 
is sometimes five feet deep, and I imagine that this is the reason 
that none of the large animals, except a few solitary ones, are to be 
met with. 
«There are a few moose; and the natives occasionally kill a black 
bear. Caribou are also found at some seasons. Smaller animals like- 
wise occur, though they are not numerous. ‘They consist of beavers, 
otters, lynxes, fishers, martins, minks, wolverines, foxes of different 
kinds, badgers, polecats, hares, and a few wolves. The fowls are, swans, 
bustards (anas Canadensis), geese, cranes, ducks of several kinds, par- 
tridges, &c. All the lakes and rivers are well furnished with excellent 
fish. They are, sturgeon, white-fish, trout, sucker, and many of a 
smaller kind. Salmon also visit the streams in very considerable num- 
bers in autumn. The natives of New Caledonia we denominate 
Carriers ; but they call themselves Ta-cullies, which signifies people 
who go upon water.” 
Captain Cook, in his third voyage, saw raccoons, foxes, martins, and 
squirrels, alive, on the coast of New Caledonia, and obtained skins of 
the following animals :— 
Black-bear, brown-bear, glutton, grey wolf, arctic or stone fox, black 
fox. foxes of a yellow colour with a black tip to the tail, foxes of a deep 
reddish yellow intermixed with black, raccoon, land-otter, sea-otter, 
ermine, martins of three kinds: the common one, the pine-martin, and 
a larger one with coarser hair (mustela Canadensis ?), lynx, spotted 
marmot, hares, and skin of an animal named wanshee by the natives. 
In addition to this list, Meares mentions moose-deer skins, and the 
skin of a very small species of deer, as among the articles of trade in 
possession of the natives at Nootka Sound. 
To the north of New Caledonia there is a large projecting corner, 
which belongs to Russia, and has been traversed by the servants of the 
e 
