MAMMALIA. 251 
the skin, near the head, leading to the cist, but Mr. Hutchins does not offer a con- 
jecture as to its uses in the economy of the animal. Camper found a membranous 
«cist in the rein-deer above the thyroid cartilage and opening into the larynx, but 
I have met with no account of a cist with a duct opening externally like that 
described by Mr. Hutchins, and, unfortunately, 1 was not aware of his remarks 
until the means of ascertaining whether such a sac exists in the Barren-Ground 
caribou were beyond my reach. Both the Barren-Ground and Woodland caribous 
are infested by the gadfly. 
[75.] 3. Cervus stronGyLoceros. (Schreber.) The Wapite. 
Stag. PrEnnanvT, Arctic Zool., vol. i. p. 27. 
Wewaskiss. HEARNE, Journ., p. 360. 
Waskeesews, or Red-deer. Hurcuins, MSS. 
Red-deer. UmrreEvitie, Hudson’s Bay, p.163. An. 1790. 
The Elk. Lewis and CrarK, Voy., vol. ii. p. 167. An. 1816. 
American Elk. Brwicxk, Quadr., p. 112. 
Wapiti. “ Banton, Med. and Phys. Journ., vol. iii. p.36.” WanrprEn, United States, vol. i. p. 241. 
Le Wapiti. F. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. des Mamm. Livr. 20 and 28. An. 1820. 
The Wapiti (C. Strongyloceros). Smiru, Griffith’s An. Kingd., vol. iv. p. 96. 
Red-deer. Hupson’s Bay TrapErs. La Biche. Canapian VoYAGERS. 
Wawaskeeshoo ; also, awaskees and moostoosh. CRrEES. 
This animal does not extend its range further to the north than the 56th or 57th 
parallel of latitude, nor is it found to the eastward of a line drawn from the south 
end of Lake Winipeg to the Saskatchewan, in the 103d degree of longitude, and 
from thence till it strikes the Elk River in the 111th degree. .To the South of 
Lake Winipeg it may perhaps exist further to the eastward. They are pretty 
numerous amongst the clumps of wood that skirt the plains of the Saskatchewan, 
where they live in small families of six or seven individuals. They feed on grass, 
on the young shoots of willows and poplars, and are very fond of the hips of the 
rosa blanda, which forms much of the underwood in the districts which they 
frequent. Hearne remarks that they are “ the most stupid of all the deer kind, 
and frequently make a shrill whistling and quivering noise, not very unlike the 
braying of an ass.” Mr. Drummond, who saw many of these deer in his journies 
through the plains of the Saskatchewan, informs me that the wawaskeesh does not 
Sell like the English red-deer ; and M. F. Cuvier describes the cry of the male as 
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