\ 
98 MALAY LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 
of Moko-Moko, in this dialect, was printed with a translation 
at Bencoolen. But it is only in recent years that the Dutch 
have commenced to pay the dialect the attention it deserves, 
by publishing texts, with transliteration and translations and 
supplying other materials for its investigation. See the 
Transactions and Journal of the Asiatic Societies of Batavia 
and the Hague the Indische, Gids, and more especially the 
ee portion, by A. L. van TLass ELT, Of Midden-Sumatra, 
ii. 1 (Leyden, 1880), “where also the best and fullest account 
of the Renchong character is to befound. Of other Malay dia- 
lects in Sumatra, only the one spoken at Achih (Achin) 
deserves mention ; in Java,the Batavian dialect shows the most 
marked peculiarities. The numerous and greatly divergent 
dialects spoken in the Molucca Islands (valuable information 
on which has been supplied by F'. S.A. pe Cuzree, G. W. W. 
C. van HopveLi, and A. van Eris) and in Timor differ so 
materially from the Malay of the peninsula of the Menangka- 
bo that they cannot be called Mal ay dialects at all; whereas 
the Malay spoken in some parts of the Minahassa (Celebes) 
scarcely differs from Malay proper. 
There is no Brat of Malay by a native writer with the 
sole exception of a small tract of 70 pages, entitled Bustanu 
*lkatibin, by Raja Aut Hassi cf Rhic, which was lithographed 
in the island of Pefiengal in 1857. A. PiGareTTa, who accom- 
panied Maczinan in his first voyage round the globe, was the 
first Kuropean whose vocabulary. of Malay words (450) has 
come down to us. Next im the field were the Dutch, who 
provided a medium of intercourse between their traders and 
the Malays. £. Hourman’s Vocabulary and Conversations, in 
Dutch, Malay, and Malngasy, appeared at Amsterdam in 1603; 
and it may be noted that the Malay spoken in those days does 
not appear to have materially al rered since. The same dia- 
logues appeared in English and Malay in 1614. Since then 
numerous grammars, ievonenies and conversation books have 
been brought out by English and Dutch writers. As the best 
helps at present available for the study of Malay may be recom- 
mended W.H. Maxwety’s Manual of the Malay Language, Lon- 
don, 1882 (especially valnable for its full treatment of the 
idioms) ; i) Favre, Grammaire de lu langue Malaise, Vienna 
and Paris, 1876; and Dictionnaire Malais-Francais, 1b., 1875, 
