176 VOLUNTEER POLICH FOR PROVINCE WELLESLEY. 
The experiment to be made gradually and cautiously, beginning 
with the inland districts, where the societies haveno branches or © 
influence, selecting the best men to work it, engaging the villagers 
heartily in it, and imparting to them, and especially tothe head- 
men, some knowledge of their legal obligations in cases of gang 
robberies and other crimes attended with violence. 
The plan, if successful, could be afterwards extended to other 
districts, so as to keep down the cost of the paid Police, which 
already presses beavily on the rate-payers and affords them little 
protection from ordinary crimes and none from extraordinary ones, 
such as gang robberies, persecutions by Malay societies and dis- 
turbances of the peace caused by the dissensions of Chinese and 
Malay Societies. 
The Malay Pénghtlus to be directly responsible to the Lieute- 
nant-Governor and his Assistant in the Province and not to the 
Deputy Commissioner of Police, although they will act in aid of 
the Police. They will maintain a direct communication, asit were, 
between Government and the population, and be highly useful in 
influencing and informing the villagers in accordance with the po- 
licy of Government. For example, the Lieutenant-Governor might 
explain to them the mischief done by the societies and engage them 
to discountenance them. 
The system should be totally disconnected with the mukims 
(parishes), mosques and jumahas, and the Pénghtlus of mukims or 
mosques should not be employed as Pénghtlus. There would 
otherwise be danger of the ywmahas and their heads acquiring too 
much influence and too powerful an organization. The jumahas 
bring a strong social pressure to bear on the villagersin the inter- 
est of a stricter and more fanatical observance of Mahomedanism 
and a greater submission to their religious leaders. 
The two paid Police Inspectors who now have the title of Pén- 
ghilu Bésar should be called Inspectors if retained, so as to confine 
the title of Pénghtlu to the village headmen. 
1. The larger villages to be divided into kampongs of 20 to 380 
houses each. 
2. Each of these kampongs, and every hamlet or group of houses 
ado 
apart from the villages to have a Katua Bésar, Katua Kechil and 
Aweang (messenger). 
3. Such a proportion of the adult males as Government thinks 
fit (or the whole in particular kampongs) to be enrolled as a volun- 
teer police. 
4. A certain number of these to be detailed, every three months, 
in each kampong to turn out with the Katua Besar when required, 
