CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 



297 



Since the publication of Part I., Colonel Waddell's memoir on the Tribes of the 

 Brahmaputra Valley has appeared, and additional observations and measurements taken 

 by himself are now available for comparison. The Abors at the north-east extremity 

 of the Brahmaputra valley, the Arlengs between the south bank of the Brahmaputra 

 and the Kachar Hills, the Bhotiyas of Bhotan from the eastern end of the Himalayas, 

 the Kachari or Bodos in the central Brahmaputra valley, the Kasia in Assam, the 

 Khumbu and Khiranti of Eastern Nepal, the Koch between lower Assam and North- 

 eastern Bengal, the Kukis from the Kuki-Lushai Hills, the Mande or Garo in the 

 mountains between Burma and the Brahmaputra, the Mishing or Miri on the north 

 bank of that river up to the Dihong, the Lepchas or Rong from the Sikkim Himalayas, 

 are all stated to have Mongoloid features. They are by no means uniform in the 

 relations of the length and breadth of the head, or in that of the height of the nose and 

 width of the nostrils, as is shown in the following table, which states the mean of 

 Colonel Waddell's measurements : — 













Ceph. Index. 



Nasal Index. Stature. 



Abor, 77-2 



90-7 5 ft. 2 in. 



Arleng, 











77-9 



85-1 5 „ 41 „ 



Bhotiyas, 











80-3 



77-1 5 „ 3£ „ 



Kachari, 











78-5 



88-1 5 „ 3 „ 



Kasia, 











78-7 



86-4 5 „ 11 „ 



Khumbu, 











82-4 



85-7 5 „ 2± „ 



Koch, 







. 





76-8 



80 5 „ 2\ „ 



Kukis, 







. 





76-5 



91 5 „ 2i „ 



Lepchas, . 











80-6 



78-3 5 „ 2 „ 



Mande, 











76 



95-1 5„2i„ 



Mishing, 











S0-9 



84 5 „ 14 „ 



In the account which I gave in Part I. of the natives of the Chin, Lushai, and Naga 

 Hills, I quoted statements made by those who had travelled amongst them, and 

 especially referred to the Mongoloid characters of the face so frequently described. I 

 also quoted the remark made by Colonel Lewin, that amongst the Lushais were faces 

 not bearing marks of Mongolian descent, whilst Colonel Woodthorpe stated that the 

 Angami Nagas had sometimes aquiline features and fair, ruddy complexions. 



In my description of the Chins, Lushais, and Nagas I directed attention to the 

 presence of a Mongolian type of feature in certain hill tribes where the customary form 

 of skull was dolichocephalic or approximated thereto, so that the Mongoloid face was 

 not therefore exclusively associated with the brachycephalic form of skull. Colonel 

 Waddell's measurements require to be examined in their bearing on this question. 

 The cephalic index of the heads of persons whose Mongoloid features were recognised 

 by so trained an observer, ranged from 76 to 8 2 '4, and the nasal index ranged from 

 78 '3 to 95*1. As the cephalic index computed from measurements of living persons is 

 higher than if taken from the skull itself, had the index in the same persons been com- 

 puted from the skull, it would probably have ranged from 74 to about 80, which would 

 have included all the three groups into which skulls are arranged in accordance with 



