CBANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 299 



prominent, and the nasion was much depressed. The bridge of the nose was 15 mm. 

 long in A, a little longer in B, and in both slightly concave, sharp, projecting, and not 

 flattened. The interorbital diameter in A was 24 mm., in R 26 mm. In A the 

 parietal longitudinal arc was much the shortest, and the frontal slightly exceeded the 

 occipital. In B the occipital was short and the frontal and parietal longitudinal arcs 

 were almost equal. In A the cranium rested behind on the cerebellar fossae of the 

 occiput, in B on the mastoids (PL XL, figs. 55-57). 



Norma facialis. — In both skulls the nasal floor was separated by a sharp ridge 

 from the incisive fossae, which, as well as the canine fossae, were markedly hollow. In 

 both the maxillo-nasal spine was strong. The height of the nose was more than double 

 the width of the anterior nares, and the nasal index was leptorhine. In A, owing to 

 the height of the maxilla and the flattened zygomata, the maxillo-facial index was 

 remarkably high, and both skulls were leptoprosopic. The upper jaw was orthognathic. 

 In A the orbital aperture was rounded and megaseme, but in B, owing to the develop- 

 ment of the supraorbital ridges, the height of the aperture was diminished and the 

 index was microseme. In A the palato-maxillary arch was very deep, 17 mm. 

 opposite the 2nd molar tooth, the arch was wide, and the maxillo-premaxillary suture 

 was distinct. The teeth were partially worn and not stained with betel. In B the arch 

 was more elongated and comparatively shallow, but the molar alveoli were absorbed. 



In both the male skulls some small Wormian bones were in the lambdoid suture. 

 The other sutures were moderate in the denticulation. In A they were not obliterated, in 

 B they were partially ossified : in both the parieto-squamous sutures were broad and 

 there were no epipteric bones. In A the spinous processes were ossified to the 

 temporals. In both the mastoids were massive, there was no 3rd condyl or para- 

 condylar processes, and the inion and curved lines were moderate. In both the vertical 

 index was hypsicephalic ; in each skull the height was less than the breadth, and 

 the corresponding index was platychamaecephalic. Though in B the cephalic index 

 was less than the lower brachycephalic limit, the skull in its general form and characters 

 approximated much more to the brachycephali than to the dolichocephali. The cranial 

 capacity of A was 1510 c.c, of B 1385 c.c. 



Skull C was to all appearance that of a woman. It was much smaller than A and 

 B, the parietal eminences were prominent, the mastoids and inion were feeble, and the 

 orbital borders were sharp. Although the cerebellar part of the occiput and the left 

 zygomatic arch were broken off and lost and the lower jaw was absent, this small skull 

 was unusually heavy and weighed 1 lb. 9^ oz. , or within \ oz. of the male skull A. 



Norma verticalis. — The cranium was elongated, pentagonal in outline, and relatively 

 narrow : the cephalic index was 75 - 3, essentially dolichocephalic, though fractionally 

 higher than its numerical limit. The breadth, owing to the projecting eminences, was 

 greatest in the parietal region, the sagittal line was somewhat elevated in front, though 

 grooved behind the obelion, and the slope outwards from it gave a roof-like character 



