594 DR MARSHALL AND MR W. A. JOLLY 



ovaries is said to have been effected. The accounts are very meagre, and do not appear 

 to have been followed by a full report ; this is the more to be regretted since other 

 experiments of a similar nature are mentioned as having been in progress. In the 

 absence of a full report stating the results of the entire series of experiments and 

 entering into histological detail, we hesitate to express ourselves regarding the value of 

 M'Cone's work. 



Herlitzka (1900) has described forty experiments in which he tried to graft the 

 ovaries of guinea-pigs upon the bodies of other individuals, some female and some male. 

 The experiments were unsuccessful in all cases except one, the ovaries undergoing a 

 process of degeneration with greater or less rapidity. The single exception was the 

 case of an ovary which, after transplantation for forty-two days, was found to contain 

 follicles with an apparently normal ovum. The ovary contained other follicles which 

 were degenerate. In this experiment the ovary had been transplanted to the body of 

 a female. Herlitzka describes those cases in which the ovaries are transplanted to new 

 positions in the same individuals as homoplastic transplantations, while the cases in 

 which they are implanted on other individuals he denotes as heteroplastic transplan- 

 tations. We have adopted this terminology in the present paper. 



Schultz (1900) has given an account of five experiments in which the ovaries of 

 guinea-pigs were grafted upon the bodies of males. All the five experiments are said to 

 have been successful. Schultz's results have been criticised somewhat severely in a 

 further paper by Herlitzka (1900), who complains of insufficiency of detail in the 

 descriptions of the experiments. 



FoA (1900) has described a series of experiments in which the ovaries of newly born 

 or very young rabbits were grafted in the normal position in older rabbits of various 

 ages whose own ovaries had been removed. Some of the grafts are said to have taken 

 successfully and even to have undergone growth after transplantation. In five other 

 experiments the young ovaries were grafted without first removing the ovaries of the 

 animals upon which the grafts were made, and of these three are said to have " yielded 

 a positive result " ; but no description of the grafts is given. In other cases in which 

 embryo ovaries were grafted in old rabbits which had reached the menopause, the grafts 

 degenerated very rapidly and were absorbed without leaving any trace. 



Amico-Roxas (1901) has briefly described heteroplastic and homoplastic trans- 

 plantation of sheep's ovaries, but without giving any account of the histological 

 structure of the transplanted ovaries. 



Morris (1903), whose cases of ovarian transplantation in the human female have 

 already been referred to, has also mentioned that he carried out some experiments on 

 heteroplastic transplantation in rabbits. He states that the grafted ovaries continued 

 to furnish ova and to elaborate an internal secretion for some months, but that they 

 then underwent degeneration. He does not, however, give any account of his experi- 

 ments, and omits to state the evidence upon which he bases his conclusions that the 

 transplanted ovaries continued to provide an internal secretion. 



