786 SIR WILLIAM TURNER, THE CRANIOLOGr OF THE NATIVES OF BORNEO, 



whilst they were smoke-stained, it was not, and evidently had not been suspended in 

 a hut. This man was an ambitious, turbulent native, who had been executed for rebellion. 



Norma verticahs. — The cranial outline in H was elongated, somewhat broadly 

 ovoid, the form was dolichocephalic, but the cephalic index, 75*4, slightly exceeded the 

 upper numerical limit of that group. The sagittal line was slightly raised, the vault 

 had a steepish slope downwards to the moderate parietal eminences, below which the 

 side walls were almost vertical. The occipital squama projected behind the inion. 



The Tegahas skull was smaller, but the relative breadth was greater, the cranial 

 outline showed a wider ovoid, and the cephalic index, 78, placed the skull in the 

 higher term of the mesaticephali. G, again, was so injured that the form of the vault 

 could not be seen ; the length and breadth could only be stated approximately, but the 

 cephalic index was obviously below 75. G was phsenozygous, and H and F 

 were cryptozygous. 



Norma lateralis. — In all these crania the forehead slightly receded, the glabella and 

 supraorbitals were moderate and distinct from the outer upper orbital borders, above 

 which the frontal was flattened towards the temporal ridge ; the nasion was a little 

 depressed, the nasal bridge was not keeled, tended to be flattened from side to side and 

 slightly concave upwards. The nasal bones were well formed, and in H were mesially 

 27 mm. long. In F and H the parietal arc was longer than the frontal, but in H 

 the occipital arc was the longest, 139 mm., owing to the occipital squama, which was 

 not quite symmetrical, being 105 mm. in its longitudinal diameter. The crania F and 

 G rested behind on the cerebellar fossae, but in H on the tips of the mastoids. 



Norma facialis. — In H a low but smooth ridge separated the floor of the nose from 

 the incisive region ; in F and G it was smoothed down and one region was con- 

 tinued into the other ; in F the maxillo-nasal spine was faint, in G and H a little 

 stronger. The anterior nares were almost alike in width, and the mean nasal index, 51*3, 

 was mesorhine, though in H, owing to the smaller proportion of nasal height to width, 

 the index was platyrhine : the nasio-malar index ranged from 106*6 to 108 '2, and the 

 mean, 107 '3, was mesopic. 



The face in G and H was low, and the complete index was chamseprosopic, but owing 

 to the nasio-alveolar length the maxillo-facial index was leptoprosopic. The mean 

 gnathic index, computed on the relation of the basi-nasal and basi-alveolar diameters, 

 was 967, i.e. orthognathous ; but in F the incisive part of the upper jaw projected 

 forward, and the index, 101 '1, was mesognathous. The interorbital diameter was 

 23 mm. The orbital aperture was rounded, megaseme, in G and H, but in F the index, 

 86*8, was mesoseme. The palate had a moderate depth; in V and H the index was 

 brachyuranic, in G hyperdolichuranic. The teeth when present were worn and stained 

 with betel. In the jaws the alveoli were not absorbed ; the angles, chins, and muscular 

 markings were distinct in the lower jaws. 



The cranial sutures were simple, sutural bones in the lambdoicl region were small 

 and sparse, pterion normal. In G and H the styloids were fused with the temporals. 



