802 SIR WILLIAM TURNER, THE CRANIOLOGY OF THE NATIVES OF BORNEO, 



higher in these two skulls than in the dolichocephalic Kalamantans, and approximatmo- 

 to the two brachycephalic Malays, in which the mean cranio-facial index was 83*8. The 

 modifications in the cranio-facial index recorded in this memoir point to the association 

 of relatively long heads with narrow faces, and relatively broad heads with wide faces. 

 The cranial characters generally expressed an affinity between the Sea Dyaks, Sea 

 Gypsies and Malays, and pointed in all probability to a common descent. Their 

 immigration from the Malay Peninsula, or from the great islands of the Malay 

 Archipelago, had in all probability been at different periods ; and some amount of 

 cross-breeding with the older Kalamantan inhabitants had not unlikely taken 

 place. 



Several Museums contain collections of skulls from Borneo which usually do not 

 have tribal names attached to them, whilst in many cases the precise locality from 

 which they came is not definitely specified. Tn the great collection formed by Barnard 

 Davis, now added to the Museum of the London College of Surgeons, twenty-three 

 skulls said to be from the Island of Borneo # are entered by the general name "Dyak" 

 without any tribal designation. They are all apparently from Dutch territory, and 

 several are elaborately decorated. Davis has recorded the length-breadth (cephalic) 

 index in twenty-one of these skulls. In six the index was 80 and upwards, and of 

 these five were from localities on the coasts ; for example, two were from Banjermassin, 

 one from Koesan near Pagottan also on the south, another from the south-east coast, 

 another from the Kapoeas river to the west, a sixth from an unspecified locality. 

 In eight the index was 75 or less ; two were from Banjermassin, two from Poeloe 

 Petak, two from the Upper Kapoeas river in Central Borneo, one from Katingan, 

 and one from an unspecified locality. In three with index 76, of which one was 

 from the Tewen river, a source of the Barito river in Central Borneo, and one with 

 index 77, the locality of which was not stated. One from Sango, Sambas Kapoeas 

 had this index, 78, and two from unspecified localities had the length-breadth index 

 78 and 79. 



In Sir Wm. Flower's well-known cataloguet of skulls in the Museum of the Royal 

 College of Surgeons, London, four skulls, highly decorated, from Dutch Borneo are 

 marked "Dyak"; two others, also "Dyak," and one unmarked are from Sarawak and 

 are smoke-stained ; a skull from a village on the Pantai river, on the east coast of Dutch 

 Borneo, and another from the north-east coast, said to be a Batta,J have cephalic indices 

 respectively 81 "5 and 72 - 6. Two additional skulls have since been acquired by the 

 Museum,§ one from North Borneo, index 69'8, the other, a " Ukeit," index 78 "5, from 

 the interior. In this collection the cephalic index was more than 80 in three specimens 

 obtained from the east and west coasts ; below 75 in five skulls, of which three were 



* Thesaurus Craniorum, p. 289 et seq., London, 1867. 

 t London, 1879. 



X Barnard Davis catalogues, p. 275, a Batta or Batak skull from the Island of Sumatra, and quotes Junghuhn 

 as locating this tribe in the narrow part of that island. 



§ Quoted by H. Lino Roth, vol. 2, p. ccxi, London, 1896. 



