( 309 ) 



X. — The Aborigines of Tasmania. Part III. The Hair of the Head compared with 

 that of other Ulotrichi and with Australians and Polynesians. By Principal 

 Sir William Turner, K.C.B., D.C.L., F.K.S., Knight of the Royal Prussian 

 Order Pour le Merite, Emeritus Professor of Anatomy. (With Figures in Text.) 



(Read March 2, 1914. MS. received March 4, 1914. Issued separately June 30, 1914.) 



CONTENTS. 



I'AQE 



Introduction 309 



Tasmanians 310, 334, 340 



New Hebrides 313, 335 



Solomon Islands 317, 336 



New Guinea 317, 336 



Geelvink Bay 317 



PAGE 



Australians 325, 332, 338 



Polynesians 327 



Maoris 327, 338 



Easter Islanders 329, 340 



Hair of Scalp, its Implantation, Form and 



Structure 329 



Papuan Gulf 319 Implantation 330 



Negros of West Africa . . . 319,330,332,336 



South Africa 321 



Bushmen 321, 337, 341 



Hottentots 322, 337 



Kaffirs 323, 337 



Negritos .323 



Andaman Islanders . . . 323, 337, 345 

 Semang 324, 338 



Form and Structure 333 



Summary 340 



Melanesians ........ 343 



Bibliography 346 



Explanation of Figures 347 



A number of years ago I began to form and arrange in the Anatomical Museum 

 of the University of Edinburgh a collection of the hair of the head to illustrate the 

 varieties in colour and character which exist in the Races of Men. In a classifica- 

 tion of the races based on the colour and characters of the hair, anthropologists 

 have usually adopted the suggestion made by Bory de St Vincent, and have divided 

 them into two groups : Leiotrichi, with straight, smooth hair ; and Ulotrichi, with 

 woolly or frizzly hair. Each of these again is capable of subdivision. 



In this memoir I intend especially to examine the Ulotrichi, which comprise 



two well-marked subdivisions. In one the hair is very short, and is arranged in 



small spiral tufts, the individual hairs in which are twisted on each other, a mat-like 



arrangement of compact spiral locks closely set together being the result. In the 



other the hair is moderately long, the locks are slender, curled or spirally twisted 



in a part of their length and terminate at the free end in a frizzly bush-like 



arrangement. Ulotrichous hair is found in various African races, in the aborigines 



of Tasmania, New Guinea, the Melanesian Islands in the Pacific, in the Negritos 



of the Malay Peninsula and of some of the islands of the Asiatic Archipelago. The 



Leiotrichi are Australians, Polynesians, Mongols, Malays, Indians, Arabs, Esquimaux 



and Europeans. 



TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN, VOL. L. PART II. (NO. 10). 43 



