CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 713 



anterior end of the plane of the foramen magnum a basi-perpendicular line which 

 reached the vault of the cranium at a point behind the bregma. The radii which 

 intersected the cerebral cavity were the basi-bregmatic, -perpendicular, -lambdal, and 

 -occipital, whilst the basi-inial, -glabellar, -nasial, and -alveolar radii were below that 

 part, and reached the inion, glabella, nasion, and alveolar points. The interval between 

 the frontal pole of the cranial cavity and the basi-perpendicular radius corresponded 

 approximately to the frontal lobe of the cerebrum, that between the basi-perpendicular 

 and basi-lambdal to the parietal and upper part of the temporal, and that from 

 the basi-lambdal to the attachment of the tentorium, to the occipital lobe of the 

 cerebrum. 



f n my series of craniological memoirs which have appeared in the Transactions * 

 since 1901, I gave additional illustrations of these radial measurements, and in 1906 

 I figured a line nt, as the axis of the nasio-tentorial plane, and as dividing the 

 cranial cavity into a supra-tentorial or cerebral part, and an infra-tentorial part for the 

 lodgment of the cerebellum, pons, and medulla. After intersecting the nasio-tentorial 

 diameter, the supra-tentorial radiating lines were called respectively tentorio-bregmatic, 

 -perpendicular, -lambdal, and -occipital. Some craniologists have selected as in the 

 approximately horizontal plane of division of the cranial cavity a glahello-inial 

 diameter from the glabella to the inion, but for reasons, which I have stated 

 elsewhere,! preference has been given to the nasio-tentorial diameter. To enable, 

 however, a comparison to be made with measurements in which the glabello- 

 inial diameter has been employed, its length has been measured and stated in 

 Table V. 



I have not bisected the skulls of the Bhils, but have obtained, by Lissauer's 

 diagraph, tracings antero-posteriorly and mesially of their cranial contours, which 

 reproduced the outline of the surface of the skull in this tribe. I have also studied 

 the contour tracings of skulls of other Dravidian tribes, some of which were obtained 

 with the diagraph, whilst others had been longitudinally and mesially bisected. In 

 the latter, not only was the surface of the cranium displayed, but the varying 

 thickness of the vault, and the length and height of the cranial cavity. 



Table IV. has been constructed to show the radial and other measurements in 

 several male skulls. In the case of the Bhil, Gond, and Tamil Sudra, where tracings 

 of skulls in each tribe were obtained, the measurements for each of these skulls are 

 given. In addition, tracings of single male skulls of Kol, Munda, Bhoomiz Santal, Turi, 

 Pahariya, and Juang were measured and recorded. The crania were dolichocephalic, 

 except that in the Pahdriya the cephalic index was 767. The glabello-occipital length, 

 parieto-squamous breadth, and collective height of four radii, tentorio-bregmatic, 

 -perpendicular, -lambdal, and -occipital, are also included in the Table, 



* Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xlv. p. 302, 1906 ; also p. 816, 1907 ; vol. xlvi. p. 396, 1908 ; vol. xlvii. 

 p. 418, 1910. 



t In my paper on Pithecanthropus eredus, Journ. of Anat. and Phys., vol. xxix., 1895, I suggested the nasio- 

 lentorial plane of section. 



TEANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XLIX. PART III. (NO. 13). 97 



