720 PRINCIPAL SIR WILLIAM TURNER ON 



of India.* Up to 1892 the Northern Chin Hill tracts were administered from Fort 

 White, the Southern from Haka, but they have since that date formed a single district 

 administered from Falam, a village of the Tashons.t 



The Chinboks are one of the tribes, and live in the hills from the Maw River to the 

 Sawchaung. The men averaged about 5^ feet in stature ; they wore a loin-cloth and a 

 piece of cloth suspended by string from the shoulders ; the women wore a loin-cloth and 

 a sleeveless jacket or jersey. The hair was not cut and was tied into a knot on the top 

 of the head. Both sexes wore bracelets, necklaces, earrings, feathers, and the skins were 

 tattooed. They smoked, drank, danced, and had musical instruments. The men were 

 armed with bows and with daggers. They lived in village communities and cultivated 

 the soil. Their religion was a primitive form of spirit-worship with sacrifices. They 

 cremated the dead, though the Chins proper buried the bodies. 



Two skulls, marked Chinboks Nos. 20, 21, were obtained in Pakokku by Captain 

 Augustine ; one was aged and toothless, the other was adult, and both were 

 apparently males. 



Norma verticalis. — Cranial outline elongated and ovoid, cephalic index respectively 

 72'7 and 75'7, the mean, 74"2, was dolichocephalic. Sagittal line was somewhat 

 raised, and as the skull sloped steeply to the parietal eminence, the vault was roof- 

 shaped, though it arched in its curve from before backwards to the lambda. The 

 parietal eminences were feeble and the side walls were nearly vertical. In one the 

 occipital squama was flattened, in the other it was a little convex ; the inion, the supra- 

 inial line, the curved lines, and the processus retromastoideus were distinct. In one 

 the anterior and posterior supramastoid tubercles were distinct. The skulls were 

 phsenozygous ; one rested behind on the mastoids, the other on the convex cerebellar 

 surface of the occiput. 



Norma lateralis. — The lower or facial forehead somewhat receded, the glabella 

 and superciliary ridges were moderate, and the latter were separated from the supra- 

 orbital border by a foramen ; no torus supraorbital is ; moderate supraorbital trigone ; 

 feeble supraorbital transverse depression ; frontal eminences feeble, bone not metopic. 

 Nasion a little depressed, lower ends of nasals projected forwards, bridge slightly 

 keeled and concave ; internasal suture 20 and 26 mm. respectively, greatest breadth 

 of nasal 12 mm. In one the parietal longitudinal arc was the longest, in the other 

 the frontal, in both the occipital arc was the shortest. 



Norma facialis. — The anterior nares were bounded in the aged skull by a sharp crista 

 prsonasalis which reached the maxillo-nasal spine and formed a definite ridge dividing 

 the nasal floor from the incisive region. In the adult the crista was not sharp, did not 

 form a dividing ridge, and a shallow post-nasal groove was present ; the incisive fossae 

 were deep. The height of the nose was 53 and 49 mm. respectively, and the greatest 

 width of the nares was 27 mm.; the mean nasal index, 51, was mesorhine. The com- 



* Trmts. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxix., 1899. 



t Ujjper Burma and Shan Slates Gazetteer, part i., vol. i., Rangoon, 1900. 



