832 DR J. H. HARVEY PIRIE ON 



regenerated glaciers (as, for example, on Wiencke Island), ice coming down from a 

 high inland ice-cap. 



(6) Nordenskjold. — Nordenskjold (3) classifies ice-forms as follows : — 



(i.) Glaciers of the coastal belt and shelf. 



Masses of n6v6 and ice whose forms owe their characters to the action of the sea 

 and the peculiar features of the coastal zone. 



{a) Shelf-ice, such as the Great Eoss Barrier and the shelf off Oscar Land. 



(6) Ice-foot glaciers which are formed of layers of stratified neve-ice formed in situ 

 through the action of wind and avalanches as well as by pressure, and which lie in the 

 zone between sea and land (see his text, pp. 115, 116, 177, and 178; also plates 

 iii. and iv.). 



Laurie Island is so small that the greater part of it may be said to lie within the 

 coastal zone, and many of its glaciers certainly correspond with this type. 



(ii.) Continental glaciers. Inland ice. 



(iii.) Transitional forms between continental ice and mountain glaciers. 



{a) Ice-caps of the Norwegian type. 



(6) Real piedmont glaciers [Malaspina type], 



(c) Spitsbergen type of glaciers. Almost completely ice-covered mountain regions, 

 which from a distance show a regular ice-horizon like that of true inland ice, but in 

 which the ice conforms in outline to the underlying country. Some of the hill-tops 

 may be uncovered as nunataks, but the majority even of the steep hills are completely 

 ice-covered, although their form is still to be made out under the ice. 



Parts of Laurie Island would come under this definition, and probably the glaciation 

 of Coronation Island is more extensively of this type. 



(iv.) Mountain glaciers. 



(c) Gourdon. — Godrdon (4) gives the following characteristics as common to all 

 forms of Antarctic glaciers : — Nev6 over their whole extent down to sea-level ; crevasses 

 rare except at escarpments ; surface moraines practically non-existent ; whole mass of 

 the glacier showing stratification ; termination by a vertical ice-cliff" at the sea. The 

 land relief, etc., gives rise to various types, and his classification of glacier forms (rather 

 different from that of Nordenskjold) is as follows : — 



(i.) Glacial ice-caps, including — 



(a) Inland ice. 



(h) Small ice-carapaces such as occur on some low Antarctic Islands [e.g. Wauwer- 

 mans Islands). 



(c) Much of what Nordenskjold calls the Spitsbergen type. 



(ii.) Glaciers properly so-called. 



(a) Valley glaciers. 



(h) " Flat " glaciers (fragments of ice-caps occurring where there is a considerable 

 area of expanded plain between the mountains and the sea). 



(c) Small suspended cliff glaciers. 



