852 DR J. H. HARVEY PIRIE ON 



3. Terminal. 



The terminal moraines of the Scotia Bay glaciers are all formed of angular stones 

 with a small quantity of earthy material. Strise were seen on only one boulder in the 

 moraine at the end of the snout on The Beach. 



On the west side of Scotia Bay one of the moraines reaches a height of about 100 

 feet. The terminal slope is between 30° and 35°, and the top of the moraine is higher 

 than the ice abutting against it. Text-fig. 12 shows the appearance that would be pre- 



Text-fig. 12. — Terraced moraine with (?) retreat of the ice. 



sented on section. The appearances suggest rather that the ice had retreated than that 

 they were merely the result of heat reflection and melting. Not a few rocks were seen 

 on the surface of this ice-sheet above this moraine, and very likely most of the material 

 in the moraine has travelled on or near the surface from the rocks projecting above the 

 ice in the hill ridge above. 



The large moraine in the cirque at the south-west corner of Scotia Bay rises to a 

 height of nearly 150 feet. It is composed of similar large angular rocks and stones, with 

 an admixture of finer earthy matter. Some of the larger pieces were as much as 

 8 feet in diameter. In the shallow water between the foot of the moraine and the island 

 off it are many large boulders, evidently derived from this small glacier. The moraine 

 shows three main terraces, the highest rising considerably above the level of the ice 

 ending behind it. A fourth is commencing to form at a still higher level on the upper 

 side of the pool which forms in summer above the third terrace, the water coming from 

 the melting of the surface snow on the ice above (see Plate VIII. fig. 2). 



Large terminal moraines have formed to the west of Cape Valla vielle in connection 

 with the eastern ice-sheet where the ground rises towards the coast, but at the time 

 they were visited both they and the ice-sheet in their neighbourhood were still 

 completely snow-covered, and little could be made out of their characters beyond noting 

 that they were of large size. 



Ice Advance or Retreat. 



The South Orkney ice-sheets agree with the general rule that glaciers ending in 

 snouts are either receding or stationary. 



The latest earth movement in this region has been in favour of the land to a 

 vertical extent of some 15 feet, as witnessed by the various raised beaches and sea- 

 caves around the coasts. After this elevation there must have been an advance of 

 the glacier ending on The Beach, but the snout there is now, I think, practically 



