856 DR J. H. HARVEY PIRIE OK 



had become so loose in its bed by melting, that it was removed. In the case of the 

 intermediate one, the temperature was steadily at 32"" F. after 4th January until its 

 removal for the same reason on 1 2th January ; and in the deep one, which varied 

 between 29° "2 F. and 32° F. during the summer months (December to February), from 

 13th February until the observations ceased on the 18th. 



Two observations were made with a self-registering meteorograph lowered down a 

 crevasse on 6th February 1904. The first was in the case of a fairly wide and open 

 crevasse with the instrument lowered to a depth of about 50 feet for eleven hours. The 

 temperature curve during this time did not vary a tenth of a degree Centigrade, being 

 just over zero, the hygrometer reading at the same time being between 98 and 99 per cent. 

 In the second crevasse, which was much narrower and more covered in, the instrument 

 was lowered a distance of about 60 feet, and left down for nine hours. The thermograph 

 curve was exactly similar to that in the first instance, although the air in the crevasse 

 was evidently drier, the hygrometer reading being from 90 to 91 per cent. 



An interesting phenomenon was noted by Dr Bruce on 7th May, and witnessed by 

 myself and some other members of the staff a few hours later. A white cloud of 

 condensing water vapour was seen arising from a crevasse near the edge of the ice-cliff 

 just north of the ship's winter quarters. At the time Dr Bruce heard a cracking noise, 

 and attributed the appearance to a sudden widening of the crevasse, with escape of 

 comparatively warm air, the contained moisture condensing as it mixed with the colder 

 air above, which at the time was about — 3° F. This points to a permanent temperature 

 probably not much below 32° F. in the deeper portions of the glaciers. 



Further Notes on Individual Glaciers. 



" Half- Moon Glacie7\" 



On the small terminal face which forms at one part of the ice-sheet on the west side 

 of Scotia Bay (see Plate V.), and which I have termed the Half-Moon Glacier, there was 

 at the time of our arrival to be observed some departure from the normal even 

 horizontal stratification. This ice-face is about 100 yards in length and slightly concave 

 in ground-plan. There is well-marked stratification visible both on the face and on the 

 snout slopes at either side, as these were largely uncovered with snow in the summer 

 and autumn. The layers were very regular, about 10 to 12 inches in thickness, 

 sloping down evenly parallel to the upper surface of the ice-sheet, and cropping out 

 horizontally on the half-moon face, except near its southern end. Here there was some 

 faulting along a plane running obliquely upwards from north to south, with contortions 

 in the ice layers similar to, although on a much smaller scale than, those described by 

 Chamberltn (20) and by Drygalski (21) in some of the Greenland glaciers as indicat- 

 ing differential rates of movement. The reason for this irregularity was not obvious. 

 The glacier has only a length of about ^ mile from the hill ridge above to the sea, and 

 there was nothing in the surface contours to indicate any great irregularity in the 



