THE BRACHIOPODA OF THE SCOTTISH NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. 373 
with the transverse band, has appeared, but the loop is still unconnected. The cardinal 
process is well developed and very rugose. The deltidial plates are joined at their 
posterior extremities, thus defining the peduncular opening, which is round. At this 
stage the shell has increased considerably in thickness, being quite opaque in the older 
portions. Its shape is essentially the same as in the adult examples. 
Some difference of opinion appears to exist amongst scientific observers as to the 
specific identification of this southern form. 
FiscHER and OEHLERT (1893), in their report on the brachiopods of Cape Horn, 
figure a number of specimens under the name of Liothyrina moseleyr, Dav., a species 
originally met with at Kerguelen by the Challenger Expedition. BLocumann (1906), 
however, having received one of FiscHER and OEHLERT’S specimens from the Paris 
Museum, refers the Cape Horn shells to LZ. wa, an identification upon which Datu 
(1908) throws some doubt, basing his argument chiefly upon differences in temperature. 
He points out that the type specimen of L. uva, from the Gulf of Tehuantepec, came 
from water of a high temperature, probably about 65° F., whereas the examples from 
Cape Horn came from much colder water, viz. between 42°°8-44°4 F. 
BLocHMANN, in his later paper (1912), satisfactorily dismisses this argument by 
calling attention to the range of temperature in other well-known species of brachiopods. 
In this excellent memoir BLocHMANN also clearly proves, from a careful examination 
of original examples from Kerguelen and from the Magellanic region, that FiscHER and 
OEHLERT’S specimens cannot be referred to LZ. moseleys on account of important 
differences in the brachial support and in the composition and arrangement of the 
spicule. He considers their specimens to be undoubtedly referable to LZ. uva, to which 
species he also unhesitatingly refers the Burdwood Bank examples obtained by the 
Scotia and Swedish South-Polar Expeditions. 
The geographical distribution of L. wva has recently been worked out by the same 
authority (BLocHMANN, 1908 and 1912) with the greatest care. 
The original example, upon which BropErip founded the species, was obtained in the 
Gulf of Tehuantepec attached to a dead valve of Meleagrina margaritifera, at a depth 
of 10-12 fathoms. 
The type specimen formerly in the Cuming collection is now in the British Museum. 
This specimen is somewhat abnormally developed, as will be seen by Davipson’s figure 
(Recent Brach., pl. ii. figs. 5-50). In the same work (pl. ii. figs. 6-6b) Davipson 
also figures another more normal example from the same place. 
In his report on the Brachiopoda of the Challenger Expedition, Davipson refers 
to further discoveries of this species as follows :—One dead example (‘“ Chall.” Rept., 
pl. i figs. 3-36) trawled in 120 fathoms off Twofold Bay, South-East Australia. A 
second example (“‘ Chall.” Rept., pl. 11. figs. 44a), obtained off Buenos Ayres, at a depth 
of 600 fathoms ; bottom temperature, 2°°7 C. A third specimen, or rather two fragments 
of a dead shell, dredged off Heard Island, near Kerguelen,* in 150 fathoms; bottom 
* Not Heard Island, east of Magellan Straits, as given by OEHLERT (1907, 1908). 
