958 DR ROBERT CAMPBELL ON 
rocks to the north-west. From St Mary’s Chapel to Garron Point (see Sketch-map, 
fig. 1) a small area of Upper Cambrian occurs on the south side; and at Kirkton in the 
extreme west [?] lavas of Old Red Sandstone age are found on the north side of the 
fault. In the coast section at Craigeven Bay, and again in a small stream near Elfhill 
—the only two localities at which the actual line of dislocation has been observed,—the 
Highland fault in the Kincardineshire area is an overthrust, not a normal fault as has 
been supposed. 
A strong unconformity separates the Upper Cambrian and the Downtonian. 
The dominating structural feature is a continuation of the well-known synclinal fold 
of Strathmore, the axis of which passes out to sea near Maiden Kaim. In the area to 
the west of Elfhill there is a tendency to set up a steep-limbed anticline, pitching out 
to the south-west against the Highland fault, and succeeded towards the north at 
Bogineabers by an inverted syncline. Convincing evidence of the character of the 
Elfhill anticline is obtained in the Water of Bervie section, where various beds in the 
Arbuthnott group can be traced round the fold; in the vicinity of Bogincabers a thick 
covering of drift obscures the solid geology, but the distribution of the hornblende 
andesites is strongly suggestive of the presence of an inverted synclinal fold. 
An important dip fault crosses the Strathmore syncline from Thornyhive Bay to 
the Highland fault near Fetteresso, and the southern limb of the syncline is traversed 
by two sets of powerful faults, trending respectively south-east and north-west, and 
east-north-east and west-south-west. Frequently also along the same limb—and 
especially in the southern part of the area—there occur “shatter belts” marked by 
conspicuous breccias, which form the dyke-like features seen on the foreshore north of 
Johnshaven. Along these dislocations, however, little, if any, vertical displacement has 
been effected. ] 
The Upper Old Red Sandstone series is everywhere faulted against the Lower. 
XVI. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
In conclusion, I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to those who have assisted 
me in this research—to Professor James GerkrgE, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., for constant 
encouragement and advice; to the late Dr R. H. Traquair, F.R.S., who named the 
fossil fishes; and to Dr Joun Horne, F.R.S., and Dr B. N. Pracu, F.R.S., who have 
throughout shown a keen interest in my work, and have at all times placed at my 
service their wide and intimate knowledge of Scottish geology. To the inspiring 
friendship of Dr. Prac in particular I owe a deep debt of gratitude. Not only has he | 
been ever ready to discuss points of difficulty, but he has on various occasions ac- 
companied me to Kincardineshire and visited all the important sections. Dr PEacH 
also determined all the specimens of the Arthropoda, and has kindly undertaken to 
describe the new species. I desire to thank most cordially my friend and colleague 
Dr W. T. Gorpon, who has been my companion on many excursions to Stonehaven, 
