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1894.] Animal Mechanics. 569 
not be used in another, that is to say, that work performed by 
one organ diminishes the amount of energy to be expended 
in work by another. Judgment is, therefore, required to 
adopt the exercise, in a particular case, to the requirements of 
the system for a special purpose. 
The general exercise of the muscular system is undoubtedly 
desirable in growing animals to secure the symmetrical devel- 
opment of all organs, or parts of the body. Even in the pro- 
cess of growth a bias, or tendency to the expenditure of energy 
ina particular direction may be encouraged. This is illus- 
trated in the Palo Alto training of youngsters. Culture and 
heredity have given the remarkable development of the trotting 
horse, and early culture, or training, is now looked upon as 
one of the most encouraging factors in future improvement. 
In the animal raised for meat production, early maturity is 
essential, and the tendency to flesh forming may be encouraged 
from birth. Exercise of the general system in the early stages 
of growth should tend to promote the development of muscle, 
or lean meat, and check the tendency to excessive fat product- 
on. 
While recognizing the advantages of muscular exercise dur- 
ing growth, in promoting the formation of lean flesh, and a 
symmetrical development of the system as a whole, we must 
not overlook its unfavorable influence under other conditions. 
In the case of a cow giving milk, or in that of a fattening 
animal, muscular exercise must result in a diversion of energy 
from the work of milk production or flesh formation. Any 
considerable amount of muscular exercise by a cow giving 
milk must tend to diminish both the quantity and quality of 
the milk produced, or at least diminish the total amount of 
the solid constituents of the product. 
QUALITY oF MILK AND ENERGY. 
A large mess of milk may be produced with but a small 
quantity of solids, and a corresponding small expenditure of 
energy. The best milk contains very much more potential 
energy than poor milk, and it must cost a corresponding 
expenditure of energy to produce it. In other words, more 
