1894.] Animal Mechanics. - 567 
rule, to which there are few, if any exceptions, they are corre- 
lated with coarseness in other parts. The wear and tear of 
the animal machine is greater in such cases, and a larger 
expenditure of energy is required in its repairs. 
INHERITED HABITS. 
Aside from the general inherited habits of animals with 
which you are all familiar, as the tendency to early maturity, 
or the habit of milk production throughout the year, or in 
what is called the trotting instinct, there are inherited habits 
of the nutritive organs themselves which should not be over- 
looked. , 
Habits are cultivated and established by their systematic 
exercise, and the desirable habits of the nutritive organs can 
only be cultivated and maintained by their constant exercise, 
or, in other words, by liberal feeding, and the direction in 
which the liberated energy of the food is expended must, at 
the same time, be determined and promoted by cultivating 
the general and special habits of the system. If, forexample, 
milk is a leading object, in connection with a liberal supply of 
food, from which energy is freely liberated through the inher- 
ited activity of the nutritive organs—a sufficient capacity of 
the udder and other organs concerned in milk production 
must be provided—and a dominant tendency to the expendi- 
ture of the available energy in the milk producing function 
must be kept up by gentle treatment and regularity in milk- 
ing and feeding. Judgment and skill must be exercised and 
attention given to many details, all tending in the same 
direction, to give the desired bias to the energies of the sys- 
tem. 
The application of general principles will be found a better 
guide in practice than any specific empirical rules, and the 
habits of the system developed by judicious exercise and cul- 
tivation, must be fixed by systematic selection as hereditary 
characters. 
GENERAL PURPOSE ANIMALS. 
We can only call attention to some of the principles already 
presented to illustrate thisspecial subject. There is, undoubt- 
