1894.] Archeolog, and Ethnology. — 717 
Lenape cook, while with their hoe cakes, originally baked by the corn- 
field hands on hoe blades thrust into the wattle and clay fire places in 
log cabins, another Indian cake, that cooked on flat heated stones is 
imitat 
The rie word * Pone" (pronounced by the pr PRE ach pone, 
and meaning baked corn bread), much used in Virginia to mean all 
kinds of corn bread, including the Johnny cake (baked on a greased 
board like a planked shad), is not needed to show that maize bread 
cooking—the best of it on the Atlantic seaboard, is a direct inheri- 
tance from the Indian. 
Virginians justly despise all corn bread made north of Mason and 
Dixon’s line. We use red corn instead of white, say they, which spoils 
the flavor, grind the meal coarse, which spoils the grain, and lastly, 
bake the meal (sometimes at mills) to save the frequent grinding neces- 
sitated in the South (once a week in summer and once in three weeks 
in winter) to prevent fermenting which destroys the vitality. 
These alleged reasons may not fully account for the abominable 
corn bread of the North, but it is possible that the Indians had devel- 
oped valuable modes of preparing the grain of their great plant, egi 
neither Virginian nor Northerner have understood.—H. C. Mer 
The making of New arm Coast Shell heaps in 1780. 
—To learn from Mr. Preston that even these squatting, half-civilized 
Lenape, in Buckingham, as lately as 1780, went over to the sea to 
make shell heaps once a year, is to lessen our surprise at the man-made 
shell deposits of the New Jersey coast, for if these conspicuous remains 
of shell feasts were built up, not only by coast-dwelling tribes, but by 
an Indian population from a good range of interior country, we need 
not wonder that they are very large or suppose that they are very old. 
The Indians were in the habit of going in a body several days' walk, 
said Mr. Preston, the elder, in April or May to the clam banks of the 
New Jersey coast, near New Brunswick. There they encamped for 
several weeks to feast on clams, and when they retnrned, brought to 
the old and infirm who had remained at home, bundles of clams slung 
in skins on pairs of poles running from shoulder to shoulder of two 
men. 
Even their stone-pointed arrows were sometimes used, at that time 
by these tolerated stragglers, who had sold the land they lived on in 
1737, as when during mowing season, they shot robins and 
“ flickers” (golden-winged woodpeckers) in black cherry trees with 
bows and arrows and strung the birds on long cords. Land turtles 
