730 The American Naturalist. [September, 
(the last place in the country in which one would expect to 
find a cave), where it may be collected literally by the hun- 
dreds at the mouths of the tile-drains and in springs. In 
Kentucky also it is not more abundant in the cave region than 
elsewhere, being very frequently common under rocks in 
springs and in streams flowing from them, even during its 
breeding season. It is only natural that such a crustacean 
should have found itself at home in Mammoth Cave when this 
cave was ready for its reception.” 
“T scarcely see what grounds there are for supposing that 
the present cave species are older than the remaining Qua- 
ternary fauna. All the blind and eyeless or partially eyed 
species must, in the beginning, have descended from normally- 
eyed forms, while the loss of vision or the disappearance of 
eyes, even where the rudiments of eyes remain, may, in some 
cases, have been comparatively sudden (by which we mean 
after several generations, or less, say, than a hundred), or in 
others have required hundreds of generations. In some cases, 
as in that of Caecidotaea, forms living in subterranean streams 
or under stones or buried in the soil, may have become already 
modified before being carried, or before migrating into the 
caves.” 
Mr. Garman then refers to the blind fishes, giving some new 
facts regarding their distribution. Finally he writes of the dis- 
tribution of the blind beetles of the genus Anophthalmus, and 
gives an interesting account of a new species (A. hornii) discov- 
ered in fissures in the Trenton limestone of Lexington, Ky. 
This is an interesting example of the way in which a species liv- 
ing in conditions intermediate between an out-of-door life under 
stones orin the soil and in caves, becomes gradually adapted to 
a cavernicolous existence. The author also states his belief “that 
there appears to have been, after the Champlain period, a 
migration towards Mammoth Cave of cave insects from the 
south and east, when the continent had not been so greatly 
affected by changes of level as was the Mississippi Valley. Mr. 
Garman also sees nothing to indicate that cave animals bave 
ever been more completely isolated than they are now, a view 
with which we agree. This does not conflict with the general 
