1894.] Subterranean Fauna of North America. 731 
view we have expressed that isolation is an important factor 
in the evolution of the fauna of caves, of subterranean waters, 
and of other dark situations. 
Other additions to our subterranean fauna have been noticed 
by Mr. S. Garman, who finds in the caves of southwestern 
Missouri, in which are subterranean streams, besides Tiphlich- 
thys subterraneus Girard a new species of blind crayfish (Cam- 
barus setosus Faxon); what “seems” to be Ceuthophilus sloanii 
Pack. and Asellus hoppiae Garman, “ from Day’s Cave, in mud 
under stones;” the latter form seems to be a genuine, eyed 
Asellus, and allied to an undetermined species represented on 
Pl. IV, fig. of our memoir, collected from a brook near Lan- 
caster, Ky. The six other species of invertebrates mentioned 
belong to common out-of-door species, including a dragon-fly, 
a Dineutes, and a Hydrotrechus, and need not have been men- 
tioned in connection with cave insects, as multitades of insects 
naturally occur at or near the mouth of caves. 
Here might be mentioned the interesting discovery by Mr. 
Nathan Banks of the common Phalangid of Wyandotte Cave, 
Scotolemon flavescens Cope, * under stones on the Virginia shore 
of the Potomac near Washington, D. C," which, he says, 
“does not differ from cave specimens.” 
A blind Salamander has also been discovered in this coun- 
try by Mr. Stejneger. In the Rock House Cave, Missouri, on 
the walls, about 600 feet from the entrance, occurred a blind 
salamander (Typhlotriton spelaeus), forming a new genus and 
species of the family Desmognathidae. In the single adult 
captured the eyes are said to be “ concealed under the continu- 
ous skin of the head.” A larva was found, but, strangely 
enough, the condition of the eyes in the young is not referred 
to. 
Passing out of our territory into Mexico, Professor Alfonso 
L. Herrera describes the results of his researches on the fauna 
of Cacahuamilpa Grotto, in Mexico. The new or more inter- 
esting forms are the following: 
*The Phaiangida Mecostethi of the United States. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 
XX, 149-152. June, 1893. 
