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1894.] Recent Literature. 791 
therium equiceps, A. longieriste and A. praestans, from the John Day 
Beds of Oregon, the horizon of Miohippus. The separation of Mio- 
hippus from Anchitherium is proposed by Prof. Scott, on the relative 
size of the conules of the molars, on the form of the external face of 
their external wall, aud on the separation or confluence of the posterior 
transverse crest with the latter. The first two characters do not appear 
to me to be of generic value, while the third is probably a valid one. 
On this basis the John Day Anchitheria equiceps, brachylophum, and 
longicriste must be referred to Miohippus, while A. praestans is an An- 
chitherium. Thatis, supposing Marsh’s type of Miohippus possess the 
character referred to, which is unknown. The same character will re- 
fer Desmathippus to Anchitherium ; and the other characters regarded 
by Prof. Scott as distinguishing the two, do not seem to the reviewer 
to be of sufficient value to forbid such reference. 
The Anchitherium erenidens (as we would call it) presents especial 
interest in the strong crenation of the anterior border of the metaconule, 
offering the earliest example of this structure known, and pointing to the 
origin of the similar structure seen in later horses of several genera. 
In the A. equinum we have the American form nearest to the European 
A. aurelianeuse. The American (White River) A. exoletum Cope (not 
A. cuneatum, as stated by Scott) has superior molars of similar char- 
acter. 
In the Artiodactyla, the most important discovery is the presence of 
an ossified thyroid cartilage, and a probable rudimental clavicle in am 
Oreodontid, which but for these characters would be an Eporeodon. 
To this form Prof. Scott gives the name of Mesoreodon. 
We expect thorough and intelligent work from Prof. Scott, and im 
this memoir we are not disappointed. It is by papers of this kind 
that our knowledge of the evolution of organie life is really advanced. 
The illustrations are every way worthy of the text.—E. D. Corr. 
Von Jhring on the Fishes and Mammals of Rio Grande do 
Sul.'—These two brochures are valuable as bringing the subject of 
which they treat up to a later date than the papers of Hensel, who 
wrote in 1870-2-9. The species are not all described, and some of the 
notices embrace descriptions of habits, while the known distribution 
is given, with pretty full references to the literature. The species of 
5 Die Süsswasser Fische von Rio Grande do Sul; von Dr. H. von Ihring, 12mo, 
36 pp. ; Rio Grande, Jan. 1893. 
Os Mammiferos do Rio Grande do Sol, pelo Dr. Herman von Ihring, 12mo, pp- 
30; Rio Grande, Apl. 20, 1892. 
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