a ee E smsamssnanoniens 
aie 
1894.] Geology and Paleontology. 879 
Shales, mostly soft and red, at Lansdale and near it, about 4,700 
feet; Lansdale Shales. 
Shales, in great part hard and green, partly blackish and dark red, 
with some small traces of coal at the Perkasie tunnel and near it, about 
2,000 feet ; Perkasie Shales. 
Shales, mostly soft and red, at Pottstown and northeastward, about 
10,700 feet; Pottstown Shales. 
The kator then, from fossil records, traces these horizons in other 
Atlantic border States. In Maryland he finds the Gwynedd and 
Lansdale Shales represented. In Virginia, while the total New Red 
thickness is not so great as in Pennsylvania, there seems to be all five 
divisions represented.: The North Carolina fossils all appear to belong 
to the Gwynedd Shales. In New Jersey the divisions are traced quite 
across the State with the exception of a dozen miles north, south and 
west of Somerville where the indications are not quite certain. In 
this State it is noticeable that the thickness of the New Red diminishes 
toward the northeast, and the variation is due to the absence of the 
upper beds, The diminution ‘extends into Connecticut in greater 
degree, and still more so in Massachusetts. Almost all of the fossils in 
these two States represent the Gwynedd Shales. A list of all the 
recorded New Red fossils, arranged by the author according to the 
different horizons, facilitates comparison. 
Mr. Lyman concludes his valuable contribution to geological litera- 
ture with the following remarks: 
“Tt is not improbable that the Norristown Shales, with the great 
calamite near Doylestown, the apparent Lepidodendron at Newark 
and Belleville, and the Palaeophycus at Portland, may after all prove 
to be at least as old asthe Permian. It seems highly probable that 
the well ascertained great thickness of 27,000 feet in Montgomery 
County should represent more than one limited paleontological period, 
and not only that it should include the Permian, but that the very ex- 
tensive upper third of that space, hitherto almost devoid of reported 
fossils, should turn out to be much newer than the Triassic. Those 
upper beds have also shown here and there imperfect fossil traces, and 
as there are occasional beds of green shale among the predominant red 
ones, there is reason to hope that more abundant and perfect fossils 
may some day be found.” 
As for the trap, the author thinks it impossible to doubt that all the 
conformable trap sheets are overflows contemporaneous with the sedi- 
mentary beds, and not subsequent intrusions. (Proceeds. Amer. 
Philos. Soc., Vol. XX XIII, 1894). 
58 
