1884.] Entomology. 299 
cells. As a matter of fact, glands of this kind of construction do, 
among the Apidz, stand remarkably close to the sacular or the 
tubular. 
The intracellular type obtains in what the author calls his first, 
fourth and fifth system ; here the cells are attached to long stalks 
and float in the collum, and thus it happens that the whole of 
their surface is able to take up the necessary matter from the 
bl In connection with consequent large secretion, secretory 
canaliculi are developed, which make their way into the cells, sur- 
round the plasma, and so afford a correspondingly large surface 
for excretion. To this type a much greater secretory activity 
must be ascribed than to that in which secretion is intercellular. 
In the so-called fourth system we find that the intercellular spaces 
are very rare, and in the first (Bombus) the free cells are arranged 
in acini. Both these arrangements must be due to the large num- 
ber of cells present. 
The author concludes that the so-called crop has, in honey 
bees, the function of, at times, completely shutting off the honey- 
stomach from the chyle-intestine, while the small intestine forms 
the means of communication between the latter and the rectum. 
The salivary glands vary considerably both in genera and species, 
and it seems proable that their functions are also very varied. 
While one system of glands is formed within the propria of the 
first portion of the larval spinning glands, two others are derived 
from its efferent canals, and the other two are fresh structures 
tormed by an invagination of the epidermis. The olfactory mucous 
gland of Wolff is salivary in function. 
Entomotocicat. Norrs.—J. Nusbaum discusses in the Zoologis- 
cher Anseiger, Jan. 7, the structure, development and morphology 
of Leydig’s chorda, or so-called ventral vessel of Lepidoptera, 
which has lately been treated of by Burger and by Cattie. Nus- 
baum concludes that the chorda is a mesoskeleton; that it is 
analogous to, but not homologous with, the chorda of vertebrates, 
and that we may distinguish in the arthropoda, as in the verte- 
€s, two morphologically different parts in the internal skel- 
: I, an endoskeleton (endodermal chorda and its products) ; 
2,a mesoskeleton (ż e., Leydig’s chorda). Fritz-Miller describes 
~ the same journal (p. 415, 16) the appendages of the abdomen 
in Acrea thalia——Mr. A. E. Butler discusses the moths of the 
amily Urapterygide” in the collection of the British Museum. 
brat the category of a family should be applied to what appears 
a. scarcely a sub-division of a sub-family of geometrids 
k to what extremities systematists of an exceedingly analyt- 
-AA turn of mind will sometimes go. Why should not the in- 
"re of such immense collections as those of the Briti 
Matec lead to broader taxonomical views ?--—The late Hermann 
its qa eats in Kosmos of the intelligence of the honey bee, and 
difference in different races——“ Ants and their Ways” is the 
