1884.] Anthropology. 555 
440-457, a paper on the classification of the color of the eyes and 
of the hair. Our knowledge of the nature of pigment in man and 
the other mammals is unfortunately still imperfect; we do not know 
whether the coloring matter is unique or whether there are many 
elements by whose combination the great variety of color is pro- 
duced. M. Ikow, therefore, claims only to have made use of 
facts so far as they have been established. The following is his 
PRIMARY GROUP, 
1. First fundamental The iris is blue or gray of di-, Apparent color of the 
natural — The iris\verse shades, according to the iris, blue or gray, of dif- 
contains no pigment. [nature of the iris. ferent intensity (tone). 
2. Second fundamental The iris is in reality brown,| The apparent does 
natural group.— The iris\varying from yellow-brown to|not differ from the real 
contains pigment hiak nicki brown, color, although it seems 
ccupies the entire field, | of a little deeper inten- 
; sity 
SECONDARY GROUP, 
3. Intermediate group) The iris is composed of two! Color of the iris ap- 
between the two funda-jparts; 1. A central zone around parent sometimes 
tals, —The pigment isjthe pupil, brown or yellow in|green, sometimes yel- 
~ ag in the iris but|color according to the quantity low, sometimes bronze, 
than a thi occnpy morelof pigment; and 2. A peripher-jrarely gray-yellow. 
a third or two of itslal zone of blue or gray color. 
field, A i 
ment, 
peri zone is 
completely deprived of pig- 
` FUNDAMENTAL GROUPS. 
Color of the Hair, 
ae hair (color of flax). Pigment in small quantities. 
3 road pure black and shining). Pigment in considerable quantity. 
e, chestnut brown. Pigment in moderate quantity. 
estnut. 4, shaded chestnut. 
Tieg IMPLEMENTS FROM MiNNESOTA.—In 1881 Miss Frances E. 
of ogi Little Falls, Minnesota, made the important discovery 
keti implements and chips of quartz at the depth of fifteen 
i in the gravel forming the modified drift on the banks of the 
be . 
pi river at Little Falls, Morrow Co., Minn. Sincethen she 
: a all of which were found in a very limited area. : 
Of the “4 Specimens was exhibited at the Minneapolis meeting 
: U d 
drit, ang of the implements by Miss Babbitt, in the modified 
of man igs therefore owe to her the knowledge of the existence 
th tacts that ear y period in the Mississippi valley ; another of 
tiquity of ch are slowly but surely pointing to the great an- 
whi 
Man on our continent. After the meeting Miss Babbitt 
