- 604 Vestiges of Glacial Man in Minnesota. (June, 
working hypothesis has been reached. They are arranged to 
show: 
First; why the notch quartzes are not attributed to natural 
causes now operating upon the present surface. 
Second; why these objects are not ascribed to modern races 
once inhabiting the region. 
Third; why they are not classed with the implements pre 
viously unearthed at Little Falls by Professor Winchell. 
Fourth; why they are referred to a palzolithic people once in- 
habiting an ancient till surface, which is at present buried beneath 
a sheet of modified drift. Of this, however, more hereafter. 
At present, palzolithic remains are assigned to three distinct 
eras: 
The preglacial, or anteglacial, including geological time wholly 
preceding the ice epochs. 
The interglacial, time between any two of these epochs. 
The intraglacial, time during such an epoch. 
According to the generalization of Geikie, a 
paper, postglacial relics, however rude they may be, 
palzolithic, although they may be popularly reckoned as gan 
It is not possible that the notch quartzes belong to the p 
these palæolithic classes. They cannot be preglacial beca 
they are based upon till, a deposit which is universally ac a 
to be a ground moraine, formed, in some way, at the bottom 
glacier, and left behind when the glacier wit 
ent case the underlying till must not only have 
must likewise have been permanently uncovered b 
of the producing ice, before the quartz-workers cow ; 
gained access to it, much less have set up their primitive 
tries upon its surface. These objects are furthern ; 
sheet of modified dri! 
dopted in this 
y the i 
postglacial, because they lie under a ) aei 
feet and less in thickness, which has certainly been p" 
one way or another by dissolving glaciers. ee ori ptet 
The question whether the quartz deposit 1s 1 : in the 
glacial in origin is one which is not so readily ansW 
present state of our knowledge. nee 
both perhaps; that is, it may have had a begs is 
final advance of the northeast and northwest glace" ime 
have continued to exist, and to receive eee me i 
time, up to a period during the second ice ag° _ 
are not truly 
ermore clearly 1% 
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Indeed, it: may Wo as 
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been laid down, but 
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