70 Vestiges of Glacial Man in Minnesota. Duly, 3 
see plainly a. great difference. Applying the same test to your 
quartzes, I see that they belong, as a whole, to the older class. 
That you have discovered a workshop of early man there is no 
doubt.” Again he says: “I will merely repeat that I have nota 
shadow of. a doubt that the ‘ quartzes’ you have submitted to me 
are the product of an intentional breaking by the hand of man, 
and not the result of natural causes.” 
At the annual meeting of the American Association for the Ad- 
vancement of Science held at Minneapolis, Minn., August, 1883, a 
small number of objects from the stratum at the notch, and from 
its western line of extension along the terrace-bank, were placed 
for study in the hands of Professor F. W. Putnam, curator of the 
Peabody Museum of Archzology at Cambridge, Mass. It is 
with peculiar satisfaction I find myself able to.record his decision 
that a certain part of the quartzes examined by him have indu- 
bitably been fashioned by the hand of man. At the same meet- 
ing of scientists the following résumé of the glacial situation at 
Little Falls was contributed to this paper by Mr. Warren Upham, 
of the State geological survey, to whose personal researches and 
official reports we are largely indebted for the drift history of 
Minnesota. The geological data of the present article have, if 
great part, been drawn from notes kindly supplied for the purposs 
by Mr. Upham. Mr. Upham says: © 
“Two principal epo iation are clearly recognizable, 
in the eins of which si pees raed somewhat beyond 
the Missouri river and nearly.to the Ohio river, crossi “att of 
at Cincinnati, as recently proved by Professor Wright. Al i 
Minnesota was, at that time, deeply covered by ice, excepting 
tract next to the Mississippi river from Lake Pepin southeast ye 
which is included in a driftless area that extends 150 miles 7 
north to south, and is 100 miles wide, lying mostly in Wio a 
In the succeeding interglacial epoch there is good evidence per 
the ice was melted away upon this region, and that a tempe jie 
climate existed. Afterward came the second and last great. 
cial epoch, when an ice-sheet again covered nearly all of Minne 
sota and accumulated the terminal moraines that ha ie 
$ $ : a ta. The ice } 
covered by the ice of this last epoch is in the vicinity © 1 of 
Moines, about 300 miles north of its earlier limt. the Coteau 
southwestern Minnesota. lying beyond the crest of the =< 
