e 
864 The Northernmost Inhabitants of the Earth. [September 
primitive weapons of the palzolithic man of Europe and those at — 
present used by the Inuit. Did we not know to what extent the — 
complicated human organism is to be regarded as a productof — 
adaptation to its surroundings, we might conclude from the simi- _ 
larity of the implements, that the Inuit are the nearest relatives 
of palzolithic man. We learn, however, from comparative — 
anthropology how strikingly similar are the motives developed — 
by nations even when separated by such great distances that 
practically they might be inhabitants of different planets, One — 
of the most prominent English anthropologists felt himself called — 
upon to defend this view. He even regarded such relationships — 
as certain, but failed to furnish the requisite proofs. - 
Assuming as genuine the two well-known carvings in reindeer i 
antlers, found in the Charente of France, which represent human 
figures, we must conclude that the physiognomy of palæolithic 
man was totally different from that of the Inuit. “ L'ensemble 
de la tête parait intermediaire entre le type conventionel de Mephis- i 
tophéles et la tête de François I?” These are the words used with 
referenċe thereto by Mr. de Mortillet. 
The physical type of the Itanese corresponds so thoroughly ” l 
that of other Eskimos that it is not necessary to give amy Spc 
description. We may state, however, that we saw 4 number a 
men, brothers, whose height was almost six feet. In this instance 
the stature was inherited from the mother, who measured 5.6 fet : 
whereas the father was of medium size. ue 
By the courtesy of different corporations, institutes we : 
persons, I had the privilege of examining and measuring a 
Eskimo skulls than any one of my predecessors. In this oer : 
I obtained from the Academy of Natural Sciences of 
phia and from Dr. Hayes all the skulls collected by the 
the vicinity of Ita. l l 
The alle of Itanese crania which admitted of atie 4 
measurements amounted to 101. Of these 100 spec peer : 
be used for the determination of the mean index of l 
This amounts to 71.37. The mean index of height index of | 
the measurements of 99 crania is 76.91. The q of height — 
breadth was found to be 79.8; the maximum index | ie 
81.8. The respective minimum indices were 63-4 and 780: io 
` The complete record of these measurements may be ned table 
Vol. x of the “ Archiv für Anthropologie.” The subjo! 
latter it 
