1002 ; Man in the Tertiaries. [October, 
triumphant vindication of Perthes, Schmerling and others, and the 
consequent overthrow of Cuvier’s massive authority in this matter, 
are familiar to every student of archzology. 
No sooner had the Cuvierian barrier against quaternary man 
been demolished, than smaller barriers of precisely the same nature 
were erected against the tertiaries, 
Gaudry, while admitting the authenticity of the worked fliats 
discovered by the Abbé Bourgeois in the miocene of Thenay, 
could not admit that they were those of man, because he says, 
“There was not in the middle of the miocene epoch a single 
Species now extant. Considering the question from a palæon- 
tological point of view it is difficult to believe that the flint carvers 
of Thenay remained uninfluenced by this universal change.” 
Professor Dawkins! in a similar line of argument assumes that 
“man, the most highly specialized form in the animal kingdom, 
cannot be looked for until the lower animals by which he is now 
surrounded made their appearance. We cannot imagine him to 
have been living in the eocene age when animal life was not 
sufficiently differentiated to present us with living genera of 
placental mammals, Nor is there any probability of his having 
appeared on the earth in the miocene, because of the absence of 
placental mammals belonging to living species. It is most um 
likely that man should appear in a fauna in which there was n0 
other living mammal. 
“ He belongs to a more advanced stage of evolution than that 
presented by the mid-miocene of Thenay, in which flint splinters 
fashioned by man are said to have occurred. Up to this time the 
evolution of the animal kingdom had advanced no farther than 
the Simiade in the direction of man, and the apes then haunting 
the forests of Italy, France and Germany were the most highly 
organized types. We may also look at the question from another 
point of view, If man were upon the earth in the mior 
it is incredible that he should not have become something 
while those changes were going on in the conditions of life by 
which all the miocene land mammalia have been so profo i 
affected that they have either assumed new forms or been extet 
minated. It is impossible to believe that man should have beef 
an exception to the law of change,” and for similar reasons , 
Professor Dawkins says we cannot expect to find traces of ma 
1N. A. Review, Vol. 137, No. 4 
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