1008 Man in the Tertiaries. [October, 
We are continually warned that caution should be exercised in _ 
accepting evidence not verified by scientific observers; at the 
same time we should be on our guard to repudiate all protests 
against the high antiquity of man made by those not equally wel 
informed. 
From the preceding pages it is evident that ‘the discovery of 
the remains of early man, or rather of primitive man, is highly 
improbable; nevertheless we need not despair; other forms of 
animals have been equally rare for a time until some unlocked: 
for discovery has brought to light a rich mine of material. Until 
this good fortune comes to us we must be content to reason from 
the known to the unknown, 
In regard to the physical characteristics of man, it has been 
wondered by Gaudry, that man could have remained unchanged 
while so many other forms have been modified or become extinct. 
That slight changes in the osteological structure of man have 
taken place he must admit, and that mammals of huge form and 
great variety have become extinct, and others profoundly mot ; 
ified since his appearance, is equally certain. 
These facts he recognizes so far as pleistocene man is concerned, 
but the great disproportion in the changes that man may w 
undergone, and the known changes of other mammals since mi 
cene days, seems too improbable to be accepted. On the other 
hand it seems reasonable to believe that the moment the ancesto® 
of man possessed the power of banding together in communitie, 
and of using weapons, they became capable of rendering 
operative the very influences which were So active in moe 
or exterminating their mammalian associates. 
How far these conditions were settled in the quaternary 
be seen in the fact that while man could endure an arctic 
his anthropoid and more distant pithicoid relations bathed 
tropical heat. Indeed the latter disappeared from Euroen ; 
on the approach of the cold wave, while man survived. | 
The fact that man and his near associates have ied to t 
as, structurally, the highest forms of mammal, hase% 
natural belief that they must have been last evolved. 
That man is preëminently the highest form intelle 
without the saying. In the words of Topinard, “ is 
which our very exalted intellectual faculties secure to U5," 
firmed to us by the existence of an exceptional 
