IOTO Man in the Tertiaries. [October 
sessed neither speed nor weapons of offence or defence, and nob 
ing but an arboreal life was left them, when they developed tte 
prehensile powers of the feet. Their digestive system unspeca 
ized, their food various, their life the price of ceaseless vigilans 
no wonder that their inquisitiveness and wakefulness were stim. 
lated and developed, which is the condition of progressive intt 
ligence.” And Professor Fiske shows, on other grounds, that 
when variations in intelligence became more important than var: 
ations in physical structure, they were seized upon to the relative 
exclusion of the latter. ; , 
I am not aware that these postulates have ever been gainsiù 
and their admission answers the objections urged by Gaudry aii 
others, and explains on rational grounds why man has continued 
to persist for so long a time with physical characteristics © 
slightly modified, while other forms were changing or becoming 
extinct. : 
As to his structural affinities with the higher apes, it has been 
shown that his relations are not only with these forms but scat 
tered through the whole range from the gorilla down, and ost 
ologically even with the half-apes, the lemuroids, and these # | 
turn have affinities with those perplexing forms, the ayoayeani 
tarsier. ae 
As to his osteological affinities with the Lemuroide, mss 
upon by Mivart, it i hy of hat these forms have bet 
pon by Mivart, it is worthy of note t 2 
discovered in the Lower Eocene of both continents. a 
If these st iti i e must look f 
ructural affinities are valid, then w oe 
beyond and below the present higher apes for the ee 
branches of man’s ancestry. Among the many evidences x 
early origin of man is the one that reveals the early 
ment of well marked types which must have required p 
mous lapse of time to have established. Repeatedly © ? 
dences are brought forward, by different investigators, ce 
various types of skulls are met with among the cari iy 
man, Without mentioning the comparatively recent | 
ers of Switzerland, among whom Dr. His believes he 
ered four different types of skulls, we turn tot 
Kollman, who has made an exhaustive study of t 
various races in both hemispheres. The results of thes? 
have established the existence of races of people beat 
unchangeable characters so far back as the remains ©” 
