1060 General Notes. [October, 
a peculiar comma-shaped bacillus was settled upon, and founi | 
thereafter uniformly present in the intestines of subjects dead from 
cholera or in the evacuations from cholera patients. This “choler 
bacillus” cannot be obtained from healthy people, though other 
bacteria occur in their evacuations, and it is absent from patients 
‘suffering from other diseases, such as dysentery, which resemble 
and often precede cholera. Says Dr. Koch, “ In the last report | 
could already state that the peculiarities of the cholera bacteria 
were so well determined that they could safely be distinguished 
‘from others. Of these characteristics the following are the most 
striking: The bacilli are not perfectly straight, like other bacilli, 
. but slightly curved, like a comma. The bending may go s0; 
‘that they take the form of a half-circle. In the pure cultivation 
from these bent rods often arise S-formed figures, and more or less 
of locomotion, which can best be seen, and in most marked a 
gree, ina drop of cultivation-liquid suspended ona covenga 
in such a preparation, one sees the bacilli vat with ie g 3 
bowels. In vomit, they have, as yet, only been noticed i 
' these the bacteria, had got into the stomach. In the bowels di 
atient a 
cholera bè 
tions are again foecal, the comma bacteria disappear jae 
and are, after convalescence, no longer to be founa. a Jera ba- 
found to hold in cholera subjects. In the stomach no ¢ yong 
cilli were found. The bowels varied, according aS pad 
the intestines was still.free from submucous extravasab n ‘leet 
. the contents consisted of a colorless, odorless liquid; the 
. bacilli were present in enormous masses, and near ly Pv raki 
distribution corresponded exactly with the degree a T 
_ the inflammation of the lining membrane, the bacil , 
_ erally not so thickin the upper intestine, but increasing 
_ lower end of the smaller intestine. When, howeve rtant reat 
taken place later, the intestines show signs of an impo’ all intes 
` tion. The lining is dark red in the lower part of he a 
rs 
